In response to the kind invitation of His Majesty King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of the Kingdom of Bahrain, the Supreme Council held its 46th session in the Kingdom of Bahrain on Wednesday, 12 Jumada Al Akhirah 1447 H, corresponding to 3 December 2025, under the chairmanship of His Majesty King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, the King of the Kingdom of Bahrain, Chairman of the current session of the Supreme Council, with the participation of Their Majesties and Highnesses:
His Highness Shaikh Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan,
Vice President of the State, Deputy Prime Minister, Head of the Presidential Court of the United Arab Emirates
His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud,
Crown Prince and Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
His Majesty Sultan Haitham bin Tariq,
Sultan of Oman
His Excellency Shaikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani,
Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of the State of Qatar
His Highness Shaikh Meshal Al Ahmad Al Jaber Al Sabah,
Amir of the State of Kuwait
His Excellency Mr Jasem Mohamed Albudaiwi, Secretary General of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), also participated in the meeting.
The following statement was issued at the conclusion of the Supreme Council’s meeting:
1. The Supreme Council expressed its great appreciation and gratitude for the sincere and dedicated efforts exerted by His Highness Shaikh Meshal Al Ahmad Al Jaber Al Sabah, the Amir of the State of Kuwait, and his esteemed government during Kuwait’s presidency of the 45th session of the Supreme Council, and for the important steps and achievements realised.
2. The Council congratulated His Majesty King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, the King of the Kingdom of Bahrain, on the Kingdom of Bahrain assuming the presidency of the 46th session, wishing the Kingdom every success in further advancing the GCC’s progress in all fields.
3. The Supreme Council blessed the initiative of the Kingdom of Bahrain in proposing the Government Action Programme of the Kingdom during its presidency of the session in the year 2026, and what it included of ambitious initiatives and projects that would contribute to advancing the course of joint Gulf action and enhancing cooperation, integration and coordination among the member states. The Council directed the Ministerial Council to refer it to the member states for study in accordance with their established regulatory mechanisms and to provide the General Secretariat with their views in this regard.
4. The Supreme Council stressed that the security of the GCC states is indivisible and that any aggression against any one of them is an aggression against all of them, in accordance with the GCC Charter and the Joint Defence Agreement. It affirmed what was stated in the statement of its extraordinary session and the statement of the Extraordinary Arab-Islamic Summit held in Doha on September 15, 2025.
The Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques’ Vision:
5. The Supreme Council reviewed the report of the General Secretariat on the progress made in implementing the vision of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, to strengthen joint Gulf action, which was approved by the Supreme Council at its 36th session in December 2015. The Council affirmed the full, precise and continuous implementation of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques’ vision, including completing the requirements of economic unity, the joint defence and security systems, and coordinating positions in a way that strengthens the solidarity and stability of the GCC states, preserves their interests, spares them regional and international conflicts, meets the aspirations and ambitions of their citizens, and enhances their regional and international role through unified political positions and the development of strategic partnerships with the international community, regional and international organisations, and sisterly and friendly states.
6. The Supreme Council instructed the bodies, councils, ministerial and technical committees, the General Secretariat and all GCC institutions to redouble efforts to complete the remaining steps to implement the vision of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques according to a defined timetable and precise follow-up. The Council tasked the General Secretariat with submitting a detailed report on this matter to the next session of the Supreme Council.
Joint Gulf Action:
7. The Supreme Council reviewed the latest developments regarding consultations on the implementation of the Supreme Council’s decision at its 33rd session concerning the proposal of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, the late King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, to move from the phase of cooperation to the phase of union. The Supreme Council directed that efforts to transition from cooperation to union should continue, and tasked the Ministerial Council and the chair of the specialised body with completing the necessary procedures in this regard and submitting the outcomes to the Supreme Council at its next session.
8. The Supreme Council reaffirmed its keenness to preserve the strength and cohesion of the GCC and the unity of ranks among its members, and to achieve further coordination, integration and interconnection in all fields in a way that fulfils the aspirations of the citizens of the GCC states. It affirmed that the GCC states stand as one in the face of any threat against any of the GCC states.
9. The Supreme Council reviewed developments in the process of economic unity of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and approved the gradual operation of the Customs Data Exchange Platform during the second half of 2026. The Council tasked the relevant ministerial committees with completing the remaining requirements of the Customs Union and submitting an executive action plan and timetable as soon as possible. Within the framework of the GCC Common Market, the Supreme Council affirmed the establishment of mechanisms to follow up on the implementation of the regulation for cross-border trade in services among the GCC states, periodically measure its economic and social impact, and determine mechanisms for mutual recognition of professional qualifications and service licences among the member states.
10. The Supreme Council welcomed the proposal to hold the “Made in the Gulf” Forum and Exhibition in October 2026 with the aim of highlighting the distinguished industrial capabilities of the GCC states and enhancing industrial integration.
11. The Supreme Council approved the establishment of the GCC Civil Aviation Authority, headquartered in the United Arab Emirates, and the General Agreement for connecting the GCC states with the GCC Railway Project.
12. The Supreme Council approved the unified rules for owners of jointly owned real estate in the GCC states.
13. The Supreme Council praised the recommendations of the First GCC Conference on the Future of Judicial, Legal and Legislative Cooperation, held in the State of Kuwait on October 21, 2025.
14. The Supreme Council commended the outcomes of the 19th periodic meeting, held on November 13, 2025, of the Speakers of the Shura, Representatives, National and Ummah Councils in the GCC states, appreciating the efforts of these councils in contributing to strengthening joint Gulf action.
15. The Supreme Council valued the achievements and efforts made by the member states in the field of Islamic affairs and endowments, and in promoting and spreading the correct understanding of Islam and presenting its true image, as well as the adoption of the GCC Week for Supporting the Religious and Moral Values of the Family.
16. The Supreme Council praised the efforts and achievements of the member states in strengthening the tools of governance, transparency, accountability, integrity and combating corruption through joint Gulf action, and the practical steps taken towards building an integrated system of oversight and accountability. This includes approving the Guide on Corporate Criminal Liability for Corruption Crimes and the Guide on Parallel Financial Investigations in Corruption Crimes. The Supreme Council also approved the GCC Security Strategy for Combating Money Laundering Crimes for the period 2026–2030.
17. The Supreme Council praised the gains and achievements realised by the GCC states in the field of human rights, including their achievements in combating trafficking in persons.
18. The Supreme Council reviewed the views of the Advisory Commission regarding the issues it had previously been tasked to study, including addressing natural disasters, developing unified policies and legislation for the use of artificial intelligence, and overcoming obstacles to the integration of services among the GCC states.
Environment, Climate Change and Renewable Energy:
19. The Supreme Council affirmed strengthening joint action to enhance the impact of the GCC states’ efforts and initiatives in matters related to energy transitions and climate change, activating cooperation and the exchange of expertise, and developing enablers with the countries of the region under the umbrella of the Middle East Green Initiative.
20. The Supreme Council stressed the importance of supporting stability in global energy markets, adopting a balanced approach without excluding any energy sources, and working to innovate technologies that enable the management of emissions and the efficient utilisation of all energy sources, to support sustainable economic growth for all.
21. The Supreme Council valued the achievements and efforts of the member states in implementing the Circular Carbon Economy approach (reducing, reusing, recycling and removing emissions), as included in the Saudi Green Initiative, the Middle East Green Initiative, renewable energy projects, energy efficiency, clean hydrogen production, carbon capture, storage and reuse, and nature-based carbon removal solutions, as well as advancing cooperation among the GCC states to apply the Circular Carbon Economy approach in relevant policies, mechanisms, strategies, plans and initiatives.
Efforts and Achievements of the Member States:
22. The Supreme Council congratulated the United Arab Emirates on the election of Her Excellency Ms Shaikha Nasser Al Nowais as Secretary General of the United Nations Tourism Organisation for the period 2026–2029, which reflects the advanced position reached by the United Arab Emirates and its leadership in the global tourism sector, and enhances the presence of Arab women in international positions.
23. The Supreme Council expressed its support for the United Arab Emirates’ hosting, in partnership with the Republic of Senegal, of the United Nations Water Conference 2026, scheduled to be held in the United Arab Emirates in December 2026, stressing its importance as a pivotal platform to accelerate progress towards Sustainable Development Goal 6 and to support regional and international efforts related to water issues.
24. The Supreme Council congratulated the United Arab Emirates on the successful organisation of the 12th edition of the World Government Summit, held under the theme “Shaping Future Governments” from February 10–13, 2025, and on the topics it presented on effective governance, the global economy and financing the future, urban resilience and crisis and climate response, the future of humanity and capacity development, global health transitions, and future prospects for emerging trends such as artificial intelligence and sustainability-driven technologies, as well as on advancing government performance and strengthening cooperation between governments.
25. The Supreme Council blessed the inauguration of the “Bahrain International Commercial Court”, an important step that reflects the Kingdom of Bahrain’s keenness to develop the judicial system and consolidate its position as an international centre for resolving cross-border commercial disputes, supporting the global business community, and safeguarding rights, freedoms and the interests of individuals and institutions.
26. The Supreme Council congratulated the Kingdom of Bahrain on its outstanding success in hosting the 2025 Asian Youth Games, held under the patronage of His Majesty King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, the King of the Kingdom of Bahrain. The Council stressed that this success embodied the Kingdom’s belief in the message of sport and its influential role in promoting the values of peace, brotherhood, tolerance and human coexistence among all peoples and civilisations. The Council also congratulated the GCC states on achieving leading positions at the Asian level in the tournament.
27. The Supreme Council congratulated the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on the successful Hajj season, expressing its appreciation for the efforts and facilities provided by the Government of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, in caring for the pilgrims, Umrah performers and visitors, and for the distinguished organisation with which these rituals are managed and the Two Holy Mosques are served.
28. The Supreme Council congratulated the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on winning the right to host the 2034 FIFA World Cup, and congratulated the State of Kuwait on successfully hosting the 26th Arabian Gulf Cup, and the Kingdom of Bahrain on winning the championship title.
29. The Supreme Council praised the success of the Sultanate of Oman in hosting the 8th Indian Ocean Conference in Muscat on February 16–17, 2025, under the theme “A Journey Towards New Horizons of Maritime Partnership”.
30. The Supreme Council valued the diplomatic efforts of the State of Qatar in reaching the Doha Framework Agreement for Peace between the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Congo River Alliance “March 23 Movement”, which was signed in Doha on November 15, 2025. The Council affirmed the parties’ commitment to addressing the roots of the conflict through structured dialogue, confidence-building measures, respect for human rights, and ensuring the safe and dignified return of the displaced, and supporting national reconciliation and unity, as part of the peace process facilitated by the State of Qatar in accordance with the “Doha Declaration of Principles” signed on July 19, 2025.
31. The Supreme Council congratulated the State of Qatar on the successful organisation of the FIFA U-17 World Cup, hosted in Doha from November 5–27, 2025. The Council expressed its best wishes for success to the State of Qatar in hosting the 11th edition of the FIFA Arab Cup, held in Doha from December 1–18, 2025.
32. The Supreme Council praised the success of the State of Qatar in hosting the Second World Summit on Social Development, held in Doha from November 4–6, 2025, and welcomed the Doha Political Declaration issued by the summit, which affirmed the completion of a new phase of global efforts aimed at consolidating social justice and placing the human being at the heart of development.
33. The Supreme Council expressed its support for the State of Qatar’s bid to host the 2036 Olympic and Paralympic Games, wishing it every success in hosting this global sporting event.
34. The Supreme Council congratulated the State of Kuwait on being chosen as the Arab Capital of Culture and Media for 2025, which reflects Kuwait’s cultural and media legacy and its role as a beacon of culture and a nurturing platform for creativity in the Arab world.
35. The Supreme Council welcomed the State of Kuwait’s hosting of the Third Arab–Chinese Summit, scheduled to be held in 2030, and looked forward to the summit contributing to strengthening cooperation and achieving common interests.
36. The Supreme Council congratulated the State of Kuwait on winning the right to host the 2026 Asian Men’s Handball Championship, wishing Kuwait success in organising this important sporting event.
Regional and International Issues:
37. The Supreme Council reiterated the GCC states’ keenness to preserve stability and security in the region and to support the prosperity of its peoples, and to strengthen the Council’s relations with sisterly and friendly states and regional and international organisations, and to reinforce the Council’s role in achieving peace, sustainable development and serving the noble aspirations of the Arab and Islamic nations, stemming from the GCC’s role as a fundamental pillar in maintaining regional and global peace and security.
38. The Supreme Council affirmed respect for the principles of sovereignty and non-interference in internal affairs, based on international charters, norms and laws, and rejected any threat against any of the member states. It stressed that the security of the GCC states is indivisible in accordance with the principle of collective defence and collective security, and the GCC Charter and the Joint Defence Agreement. It also affirmed that the security of the GCC states is an essential pillar of Arab national security, rejecting foreign interventions in Arab countries from any party.
The Situation in Gaza:
39. The Supreme Council affirmed that the GCC stands alongside the brotherly Palestinian people in the Gaza Strip, and on the need to alleviate the suffering of the Palestinian people, end the siege imposed on the Strip, open all crossings to allow the entry of humanitarian and relief aid and basic necessities, and ensure their continuous and secure delivery to the residents of the Gaza Strip, provide international protection for the Palestinian people, refrain from targeting them, and comply with and adhere to international law, international humanitarian law and relevant Security Council resolutions without exception.
40. The Supreme Council praised the efforts of President Donald Trump and the outcomes of the “Sharm El Sheikh Peace Summit”, held in the Arab Republic of Egypt on October 14, 2025, and the agreement reached regarding Gaza, which was signed by the State of Qatar, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Republic of Turkey and the United States of America, and the commencement of the implementation of the first phase aimed at stopping the war on the Gaza Strip and paving the way towards a comprehensive and just peace. It praised the effective role of the guarantor states in reaching this agreement and stressed the need for all parties to abide by the ceasefire agreement.
41. The Supreme Council valued the pivotal role played by the State of Qatar with regional and international parties and guarantor states, and its efforts to achieve a ceasefire in Gaza and the release of hostages and detainees. It praised Qatar’s contribution to completing negotiations and consolidating the agreement in a manner that paves the way for a just and comprehensive peace process that enhances regional stability.
42. The Supreme Council welcomed Security Council Resolution 2803 of 17 November 2025, which adopted the United States’ plan for peace in Gaza, and which affirmed the establishment of a permanent and comprehensive ceasefire in the Gaza Strip and the establishment of a Peace Council as “a transitional administrative body with international legal personality responsible for setting the framework and coordinating financing for the redevelopment of Gaza according to the comprehensive plan and in line with the relevant principles of international law, pending the completion by the Palestinian Authority of its reform programme.” It also affirmed the right of the Palestinian people to self-determination and to establish their independent state, and the full resumption of humanitarian aid entry into the Gaza Strip in cooperation with the Peace Council.
43. The Supreme Council affirmed its support for the Arab plan for early recovery and reconstruction of Gaza adopted by the Extraordinary Arab Summit “Palestine Summit” held on March 4, 2025, in Cairo, Arab Republic of Egypt, stressing that the future of the Gaza Strip must be within the context of a unified Palestinian state and the implementation of the two-state solution. The Council welcomed the summit’s decision to convene an international conference for recovery and reconstruction in the Gaza Strip and urged the international community and all sisterly and friendly states to participate actively and generously in the donors’ conference for reconstruction, and to mobilise the necessary resources to implement the plan in cooperation with the Palestinian government and relevant international parties. The Council stressed the importance of the steadfastness of the Palestinian people, enhancing their resilience on their land, and involving them in reconstruction efforts.
44. The Supreme Council affirmed the Security Council Resolutions 2735, 2712 and 2720 regarding the ceasefire in the Gaza Strip, the release of hostages and detainees, the return of civilians to their homes, the safe and effective distribution of humanitarian aid on a wide scale and the withdrawal of Israeli forces from the Strip.
45. The Supreme Council reaffirmed the GCC’s support for the steadfastness of the Palestinian people on their land and its rejection of any attempts to displace the residents of the Gaza Strip, and stressed the need to respect the legitimate rights of the brotherly Palestinian people to establish their independent state on their land, warning against any plans aimed at undermining their inalienable rights.
46. The Supreme Council held Israel fully responsible for its ongoing violations and attacks against the Gaza Strip, which have resulted in the killing of tens of thousands of civilians, most of them women and children, and rejected any justifications or pretexts portraying the Israeli aggression against the Gaza Strip as self-defence.
47. The Supreme Council renewed its support for the efforts of the ministerial committee chaired by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, formed by the Joint Extraordinary Arab–Islamic Summit to work on stopping the Israeli aggression against the Palestinian people and explaining the recovery and reconstruction plan in Gaza. It affirmed what was stated in its statement issued on September 8, 2025, regarding the categorical rejection of statements issued by the Israeli occupation government calling for the displacement of the Palestinian people from their land and for expanding military operations in the Gaza Strip.
48. The Supreme Council noted the efforts made by the GCC states and Arab states at the political level to stop the Israeli attacks on the Gaza Strip, as well as the humanitarian and relief aid provided by the GCC states to the Gaza Strip.
49. The Supreme Council affirmed the United Nations General Assembly resolution of June 12, 2025, regarding the immediate, permanent and unconditional ceasefire in Gaza, enabling civilians in the Gaza Strip to obtain basic services and humanitarian aid without hindrance, complying with international law and international humanitarian law, protecting civilians, rejecting any attempts to change the demographic or territorial character of the Strip, and stressing the importance of unifying the Gaza Strip and the West Bank under the umbrella of the Palestinian Authority.
50. The Supreme Council reaffirmed the importance of what was stated in the statement of the Extraordinary Arab Summit “Palestine Summit” regarding the call to establish an international fund to care for orphans in Gaza in cooperation with the United Nations.
51. The Supreme Council condemned the crime of genocide committed by the Israeli occupation forces against the residents of the Gaza Strip, and the deliberate policy of blockade that has led to famine there, as well as the policy of ethnic cleansing, collective punishment, the killing of civilians and journalists, torture, extrajudicial executions, enforced disappearance and forced displacement, and looting. It called on the international community to take serious steps to hold the perpetrators of these crimes accountable.
52. The Supreme Council condemned the continued violations committed by the Israeli occupation forces against the Palestinian people, including the destruction of residential neighbourhoods, hospitals, schools, universities, mosques, churches and infrastructure in the Gaza Strip, and the targeting of humanitarian and UN organisations in the Strip, and the continued attacks on humanitarian aid convoys. It affirmed the responsibility of the Israeli occupation forces to protect these convoys under international humanitarian law, to ensure the delivery of essential humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip and not to obstruct the work of international organisations. The Council stressed Security Council Resolution 2730 regarding the protection of humanitarian workers and ensuring the unhindered delivery of aid in accordance with international humanitarian law.
The Palestinian Cause:
53. The Supreme Council reaffirmed the centrality of the Palestinian cause, the need to end the Israeli occupation and establish an independent Palestinian state on the 1967 borders with East Jerusalem as its capital, in accordance with the Arab Peace Initiative and international legitimacy resolutions, and to support the Palestinian people’s sovereignty over all the occupied Palestinian territories. It stressed the need to intensify cooperation with international and regional powers and to redouble international efforts to resolve the conflict.
54. The Supreme Council affirmed the importance of national reconciliation to restore Palestinian national unity in order to achieve the interests of the Palestinian people, and praised the efforts exerted by Arab states in this regard.
55. The Supreme Council called on the international community to intervene to stop targeting the Palestinian presence in Jerusalem, the expulsion of Palestinians from their homes, attempts to change its legal and historical character, its demographic composition and the arrangements related to the Islamic holy sites, and attempts to impose Israeli sovereignty over them, in clear violation of international law, international resolutions and existing agreements concluded in this regard. It rejected these unilateral measures and affirmed its support for the Jordanian Administration of Jerusalem Endowments and Al Aqsa Mosque Affairs as the sole legitimate authority with exclusive jurisdiction to manage Al Aqsa Mosque. It praised the efforts made by the GCC states, the Al Quds Committee chaired by His Majesty King Mohammed VI of the Kingdom of Morocco, the efforts of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, the State of Palestine, the Arab League, the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, and all Arab and friendly states and international organisations in this regard.
56. The Supreme Council underlined the importance of the initiatives announced by His Majesty King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, the King of the Kingdom of Bahrain, at the 33rd session of the Arab Summit held in the Kingdom of Bahrain, calling for the convening of an international peace conference in the Middle East to establish a sovereign, independent, national and secure Palestinian state, and supporting efforts to recognise the State of Palestine at the international level and to grant it full membership in the United Nations. The Council affirmed the summit’s call for the deployment of international protection and peacekeeping forces under the auspices of the United Nations in the occupied Palestinian territories until the implementation of the two-state solution.
57. The Supreme Council affirmed the importance of what was stated in the statement of the Extraordinary Arab Summit “Palestine Summit” regarding the deployment of international protection and peacekeeping forces in the Palestinian territories in Gaza and the West Bank, pursuant to a decision by the Security Council.
58. The Supreme Council welcomed the outcomes of the “International Conference for the Peaceful Settlement of the Question of Palestine and the Implementation of the Two-State Solution” and praised the role of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in leading international efforts to implement the two-state solution. The Council affirmed its support for diplomatic efforts within the framework of the GCC’s partnerships with states and groups to activate the outcomes of the New York Declaration, to achieve recognition of the State of Palestine and implement the two-state solution. It praised the states that have announced their recognition of the State of Palestine and urged other states to accelerate the announcement of their recognition of the State of Palestine.
59. The Supreme Council welcomed the announcement by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Belgium, Denmark, France, Iceland, Ireland, Japan, Norway, Slovenia, Spain, Switzerland and the United Kingdom on September 27, 2025, of the launch of the Emergency Alliance for the Financial Sustainability of the Palestinian Authority, which comes in response to the unprecedented financial crisis facing the Palestinian Authority and aims to stabilise its financial position and ensure its ability to govern, provide basic services and maintain security, all of which are essential elements for regional stability and safeguarding the two-state solution.
60. The Supreme Council condemned the Israeli occupation’s plan to transfer the authority to administer and supervise the Ibrahimi Mosque from the Palestinian Ministry of Awqaf and Religious Affairs and the Hebron Municipality to the Jewish Religious Council, in a step that represents a dangerous encroachment on the existing historical and legal status of the Ibrahimi Mosque, and Israel’s settlement plans in the “E1” area in a dangerous escalation aimed at dividing the West Bank and undermining the two-state solution. The Council also condemned the call by the Israeli Knesset to impose Israeli sovereignty over the occupied West Bank and the statements of Israeli officials in this regard.
61. The Supreme Council affirmed the joint statement issued on October 23, 2025, by 15 Arab and Islamic states, which condemned the Knesset’s approval of two draft laws to impose Israeli sovereignty over the occupied West Bank and illegal settlements. It also welcomed the advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice issued on October 22, 2025, regarding Israel’s obligations in the occupied Palestinian territories and in connection with those territories, which reaffirmed Israel’s obligation under international humanitarian law to ensure that the population of the occupied Palestinian territories, including the Gaza Strip, obtains basic necessities for daily life and to approve and facilitate all possible relief plans in favour of the population.
62. The Supreme Council condemned the continued construction by the Israeli occupation of settlement units in the occupied Palestinian territories and the expulsion of Palestinians from their homes. It expressed its total rejection of the annexation of settlements in the West Bank by Israel, in clear violation of the United Nations Charter, the principles of international law and United Nations resolutions, including Security Council Resolution 2334 (2016), the 2004 advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice, and the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949. The Council called on the international community to press the Israeli authorities to reverse their settlement decisions that contravene international laws and resolutions.
63. The Supreme Council condemned the continued attacks by the Israeli occupation in the West Bank and its systematic destruction of infrastructure, calling on the international community to exert efforts to prevent further loss of life and to avoid further escalation in the occupied Palestinian territories.
64. The Supreme Council condemned the storming by the Minister of National Security in the Israeli occupation government and settlers of the courtyards of Al Aqsa Mosque on October 8, 2025, as well as the ongoing acts of violence carried out by Israeli settlers, under the protection of the occupation forces, against civilians, and the burning of their cities, villages and farms. It condemned all provocative practices aimed at displacing Palestinians and increasing escalation and tension in the region, which obstruct efforts to achieve peace and stability. The Council affirmed that a just, comprehensive and lasting solution to the Palestinian cause can only be achieved through direct negotiations and diplomatic dialogue among all parties, leading to a sustainable solution to the Palestinian issue.
65. The Supreme Council affirmed the importance of the continued work of the Arab Ministerial Committee for Supporting the State of Palestine in its efforts at the international level to support the State of Palestine’s efforts to gain further recognitions, obtain full membership in the United Nations, convene an international peace conference and provide international protection for the Palestinian people.
66. The Supreme Council stressed the importance of the international community’s support for the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees (UNRWA), given the critical humanitarian circumstances, and its key role in supporting relief, humanitarian and development efforts. It stressed the importance of UNRWA’s continued performance of its tasks in ensuring the provision of basic requirements for the Palestinian people in order to mitigate the humanitarian crisis in occupied Palestine and maintain the sustainability and effectiveness of all forms of support for refugees. The Council affirmed its support for the relevant General Assembly resolutions, including the resolutions issued on December 5, 2024, and December 12, 2024.
The Iranian Occupation of the Three Islands Belonging to the United Arab Emirates:
67. The Supreme Council reaffirmed its firm positions and previous decisions regarding the condemnation of Iran’s continued occupation of the three islands (Greater Tunb, Lesser Tunb and Abu Musa) belonging to the United Arab Emirates, and reiterated the following:
a. Support for the right of sovereignty of the United Arab Emirates over its three islands, Greater Tunb, Lesser Tunb and Abu Musa, as well as over the territorial waters, airspace, continental shelf and exclusive economic zone of the three islands, as they are an integral part of the territory of the United Arab Emirates.
b. Considering any decisions, practices or actions carried out by Iran on the three islands null and void and without effect, as they do not change the historical and legal facts that unanimously confirm the United Arab Emirates’ sovereignty over its three islands.
c. Calling on Iran to respond to the United Arab Emirates’ efforts to resolve the issue through direct negotiations or by referring it to the International Court of Justice.
68. The Supreme Council condemned and denounced the continued construction by the Iranian government of housing units to settle Iranians on the three Emirati islands occupied by Iran, and the escalatory positions and measures taken by the Iranian authorities, including the statements issued on October 31, 2025, in which the Secretary General of the Supreme Council of the Cultural Revolution in Iran approved the inclusion of a new occasion in the Iranian calendar, corresponding in the Gregorian calendar to November 30, under the name “National Day of the Three Islands in the Gulf”. It also condemned the statements issued on October 20, 2025, by a member of the National Security and Foreign Policy Committee in the Iranian Parliament, Fada Hossein Maleki, in response to the latest joint statement of the GCC–EU, stating that “the three islands are an important and strategic part of Iranian territory and territorial waters”, as well as the statement of the Deputy Chair of the National Security and Foreign Policy Committee in the Islamic Consultative Assembly, Abbas Moqtadaei, on October 19, 2025, regarding the repetition by some countries of claims about the “Iranian three islands” in the Gulf and stressing that Iran’s sovereignty over its land and sea territory is a red line and that every country, including the United Arab Emirates, must understand that foreign interference in the region’s affairs threatens the security of the entire region. The Council also condemned the statement of Ahmad Benafi, governor of the Emirati island of Abu Musa occupied by Iran, in an interview with IRNA on May 25, 2025, regarding the follow-up on the implementation of a plan to build 110 housing units on the occupied island by order of the Iranian Minister of Roads and Urban Development.
69. The Supreme Council condemned the Iranian military manoeuvres that include the three Emirati islands occupied by Iran, Greater Tunb, Lesser Tunb and Abu Musa, and the territorial waters, airspace, continental shelf and exclusive economic zone of the three islands as an integral part of the territory of the United Arab Emirates. The latest of these exercises was on May 13, 2025, when the naval forces of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps carried out new operational military arrangements in the area that Iran calls the “Nazaat Islands”, which include the three Emirati islands occupied by Iran, based on orders from Major General Mohammad Bagheri, Chief of Staff of the Iranian Armed Forces.
70. The Supreme Council condemned and denounced the repeated visits and violations carried out by senior Iranian officials to the three Emirati islands occupied by Iran, Greater Tunb, Lesser Tunb and Abu Musa, the latest of which was on November 3, 2025, when Admiral Alireza Tangsiri, Commander of the Naval Forces of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, made an inspection tour of the Emirati island of Abu Musa occupied by Iran as well as of Siri Island. It also condemned the inspection visit made by Major General Mohammad Pakpour, Commander of the Land Forces of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, on October 5, 2025, to the combat units in the “Gulf Islands” belonging to the IRGC Navy, during which he said: “We have been honoured today to serve our dear brothers in the naval forces of the Revolutionary Guard and to visit the islands of Nazaat, Abu Musa, Greater Tunb and Lesser Tunb”, as well as the visit on September 21, 2025, by Mohammad Ashouri, Governor of Hormozgan, and Saeed Rasouli, Deputy Minister of Roads and Urban Development and CEO of the Ports and Maritime Organisation of Iran, to the port of the occupied island of Abu Musa.
71. The Supreme Council condemned and denounced all escalatory hostile statements directed against the United Arab Emirates regarding its sovereignty over its three occupied islands and expressed its dismay at all Iranian hostile measures, considering them a violation of the sovereignty of the United Arab Emirates over its territories and inconsistent with efforts and endeavours to find a peaceful settlement. It called on Iran to refrain from such provocative escalatory actions and to adopt constructive positions that build confidence and contribute to reaching a just solution to the issue of the three occupied Emirati islands.
72. The Supreme Council praised the position of the European Union on the issue of the Iranian occupation of the three islands belonging to the United Arab Emirates, as expressed in the joint statement of the first GCC–EU summit issued on October 16, 2024, in Brussels, which was reaffirmed in the joint statement of the 29th GCC–EU Joint Ministerial Meeting held on October 6, 2025.
Al Durra Field:
73. The Supreme Council affirmed that the Al Durra field lies entirely in the marine areas of the State of Kuwait and that the ownership of the natural resources in the submerged divided area adjacent to the Saudi–Kuwaiti divided area, including the entire Al Durra field, is a joint ownership between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the State of Kuwait only. The two states alone possess the full rights to exploit the natural resources in that area in accordance with the provisions of international law and the agreements concluded and in force between them. The Council reaffirmed its categorical rejection of any claims of rights by any other party in this field or in the submerged area adjacent to the divided area within its demarcated borders between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the State of Kuwait.
Combating Terrorism and Extremism:
74. The Supreme Council reaffirmed the GCC’s firm positions and decisions regarding extremism and terrorism, regardless of their source, and its rejection of all forms and manifestations of terrorism and its motives and justifications, as well as its commitment to drying up sources of funding. It stressed that extremism and terrorism are not linked to any religion, culture, nationality or ethnic group and affirmed the sanctity of shedding blood, harming civilians and targeting civilian facilities such as schools, places of worship and hospitals, and reiterated its support for international efforts to combat extremism and terrorism.
75. The Supreme Council affirmed that tolerance and coexistence among nations and peoples are among the most important principles and values upon which the societies of the GCC states and their relations with other peoples are built. It stressed the importance of consolidating the values of dialogue and respect among peoples and cultures and called for international efforts to be unified to promote these principles in all societies, spread a culture of religious tolerance, dialogue and coexistence, and reject anything that would spread hatred and extremism. The Council condemned statements insulting Islam, Muslims and Islamic civilisation, and stressed the importance of confronting all manifestations of hatred, fanaticism, negative stereotyping and distortion of the image of religions.
76. The Supreme Council called for the adoption of deterrent measures to combat extremism, terrorism, hate speech and incitement, and to combat those who finance them, given their negative impact on social peace and the sustainability of international peace and security, and their role in encouraging the outbreak, escalation and recurrence of conflicts around the world, and in undermining security and stability, in accordance with Security Council Resolutions 2686 (2023) and 2734 (2024).
77. The Supreme Council welcomed the unanimous adoption by the Human Rights Council, on October 7, 2025, of the resolution submitted by the State of Qatar on “Promoting and Protecting the Human Rights of Women and Children in Conflict and Post-Conflict Situations”.
78. The Supreme Council welcomed the adoption by the United Nations General Assembly of a draft resolution submitted by the Kingdom of Bahrain proclaiming the 28th of January of each year as an International Day for Peaceful Coexistence, based on an initiative of the King Hamad Global Centre for Peaceful Coexistence and Tolerance.
79. The Supreme Council condemned the two terrorist attacks in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, which took place in the capital, Islamabad, and in the city of Wana in South Waziristan District in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan on November 11, 2025, and resulted in dozens of deaths and injuries. It expressed its sincere condolences to the Government and people of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and to the families of the victims, and its wishes for a speedy recovery to the wounded.
80. The Supreme Council condemned the terrorist attack in the Republic of India, which occurred near a metro station in the Indian capital, New Delhi, on November 18, 2025. It expressed its condolences to the families of the victims and to the Government and people of India and its wishes for a speedy recovery to the wounded.
81. The Supreme Council condemned the terrorist attack that took place in Pahalgam on April 23, 2025, and resulted in deaths and injuries, expressing its sincere condolences to the families of the victims and its wishes for a speedy recovery to the wounded.
82. The Supreme Council condemned the terrorist attack in the Federal Republic of Nigeria, which targeted a village in Nigeria on September 10, 2025, and led to dozens of deaths and injuries. It expressed its sincere condolences to the Government and people of the Federal Republic of Nigeria and to the families of the victims, and its wishes for a speedy recovery to the wounded.
83. The Supreme Council condemned the continued foreign support for terrorist groups and sectarian militias that threaten Arab national security, destabilise the region and hinder international efforts to combat terrorism, including the efforts of the International Coalition to Counter Daesh.
84. The Supreme Council stressed the importance of international and regional coordination to confront extremist and terrorist groups and sectarian militias, and the importance of strengthening the GCC’s relations with sisterly and friendly states and working with regional and international organisations to combat the phenomenon of terrorism and extremism and its serious impacts and repercussions on the region and its threat to regional and international peace, stability and security.
Iraq:
85. The Supreme Council affirmed its consistent positions and decisions regarding the sisterly Republic of Iraq and its support for existing efforts to achieve security and stability in Iraq. It emphasised the importance of preserving Iraq’s territorial integrity, unity, full sovereignty, Arab identity, social fabric, and national unity. The Council condemned all terrorist operations to which Iraq is exposed, affirming the GCC’s solidarity with Iraq in combating terrorism and extremism, and its support in confronting terrorist groups and armed militias.
86. The Supreme Council underscored its consistent positions and previous decisions regarding the importance of regulating maritime navigation in Khor Abdullah, and the necessity of Iraq’s respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the State of Kuwait. It expressed its categorical rejection of any infringement upon the sovereignty of the State of Kuwait over all its territories, islands, and heights, and all its maritime areas.
The Council also stressed the obligation to adhere to bilateral and international pledges and agreements and all relevant United Nations resolutions, particularly Security Council Resolution 833 (1993) regarding the demarcation of the Kuwaiti-Iraqi land and maritime borders. The Council called upon Iraq to work earnestly to achieve positive progress regarding the demarcation of the maritime borders between the two countries beyond Maritime Mark 162, in accordance with the rules and principles of international law and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982). The Council stressed the importance of achieving positive progress in this regard, affirming the importance of full adherence by the Joint Technical and Legal Committee for the demarcation of maritime borders beyond Mark 162 to the contents of all its minutes.
87. The Supreme Council called upon Iraq to adhere to the Agreement on the Regulation of Maritime Navigation in Khor Abdullah signed between the State of Kuwait and Iraq on April 29, 2012, the Security Exchange Protocol signed in 2008, and its map approved in the Joint Plan to ensure the safety of navigation in Khor Abdullah signed on December 28, 2014, both of which included a clear and specific mechanism for amendment and cancellation.
88. The Supreme Council welcomed the unanimous adoption by the Security Council of Resolution 2792 (2025) regarding the Security Council’s continued follow-up on the files of Kuwaiti prisoners and missing persons, third-country nationals, and Kuwaiti property, including the National Archives, following the conclusion of the mandate of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI). This is to be achieved through the appointment of a High-Level Representative of the UN Secretary General to support and facilitate efforts related to determining the fate of Kuwaiti prisoners and missing persons and third-country nationals, and the repatriation of their remains, in addition to the recovery of Kuwaiti property, including the National Archives. The Council called upon the Government of Iraq to make progress in this regard and to exert maximum efforts to reach a final solution to these files.
89. The Supreme Council praised the positive partnership between the GCC and Iraq, affirming its commitment to moving forward with the completion of the electrical interconnection project to link Iraq to the electricity grid of the GCC states. This aims to achieve greater integration and interconnection between Iraq and the Council states, serving their common interests and paving the way for further cooperation in the future.
Yemen:
90. The Supreme Council underscored its full support for the Presidential Leadership Council headed by His Excellency Dr Rashad Mohammed Al Alimi, and its supporting entities, to achieve security and stability in Yemen and to reach a comprehensive political solution, in accordance with the GCC Initiative and its Executive Mechanism, the outcomes of the Comprehensive National Dialogue Conference, and Security Council Resolution 2216, in a manner that preserves the sovereignty, unity, territorial integrity, and independence of sisterly Yemen.
91. The Supreme Council renewed its support for the efforts of the United Nations and its Special Envoy to Yemen, Hans Grundberg, to reach a comprehensive political solution in accordance with the three references. The Council praised the Yemeni government’s adherence to the truce and its support for efforts to achieve peace in Yemen.
92. The Supreme Council called upon the Yemeni parties to fully implement the commitment to the set of measures reached and announced by the UN Envoy on December 23, 2023. This includes the implementation of a comprehensive ceasefire covering all of Yemen, measures to improve living conditions, and engaging in preparations for the resumption of an inclusive political process under the auspices of the United Nations. The Council valued the United Nations' efforts to sustain the truce existing since April 2022, calling for a firm stance against Houthi practices that contradict the efforts of the UN and the countries of the region to bring about peace in Yemen.
93. The Supreme Council welcomed the results of the 22nd meeting of the Joint Technical Committee to determine the development needs of the Republic of Yemen, with the participation of the GCC states, the Republic of Yemen, national and regional development funds, the Saudi Development and Reconstruction Programme for Yemen (SDRPY), the Islamic Development Bank, the Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, the OPEC Fund for International Development, and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). This aims to empower the Republic of Yemen to complete the implementation of priority development projects and provide basic services to the sisterly Yemeni people.
94. The Supreme Council praised the economic support provided by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to Yemen, valued at $500 million, comprising a deposit of $300 million in the Central Bank of Yemen and $200 million in support of the government budget, out of a total of $1.2 billion. It also praised the new economic development support announced by the Kingdom on September 20, 2025, amounting to $368 million, which includes support for the government budget, support for oil derivatives, and support for the operational budget of the Prince Mohammed bin Salman Hospital in Aden Governorate, in addition to the Kingdom’s announcement of $4 million to support and enhance the capabilities of the Yemeni Coast Guard.
95. The Supreme Council praised the developmental and humanitarian support provided by the United Arab Emirates to the brethren in Yemen, including the announcement made in November 2025 regarding a package of strategic development projects worth one billion US dollars. These projects are to be implemented in various Yemeni governorates in the fields of infrastructure rehabilitation, capacity building, supporting the electricity sector, providing basic services, and enhancing sustainable development in Yemen.
96. The Supreme Council praised the signing of a development agreement between the Saudi Development and Reconstruction Programme for Yemen (SDRPY) and the Yemeni government to support the government budget deficit in facing urgent economic and developmental challenges, and to contribute to establishing the pillars of economic, financial, and monetary stability in Yemen. It also hailed the signing of another agreement to supply the Yemeni government with the oil derivatives necessary to increase the operating hours of power plants in various governorates and to alleviate the burden on the Central Bank of Yemen in providing hard currency for purchasing fuel from global markets. This is in addition to the signing of a memorandum of cooperation with the Yemeni Ministry of Interior to support the Ministry’s efforts in building its technical and technological institutional capacities and developing the Ministry’s infrastructure.
97. The Supreme Council welcomed the bilateral agreement on financial arrangements signed by the Kuwait Fund for Arab Economic Development and the Republic of Yemen to resume the release of State of Kuwait funding for development programmes in Yemen and to alleviate the debt burdens owed by Yemen by rescheduling the payment of interest and overdue instalments. The agreement also contributes to financing infrastructure projects in the sectors of agriculture, irrigation, transport, communications, energy, industry, water, and sanitation, as well as the health and education sectors. This assists the government in confronting the emergency economic and financial burdens exacerbated by Houthi militia attacks on oil facilities and international shipping lanes.
98. The Supreme Council praised the achievements realised by the King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Centre (KSrelief) and the humanitarian support provided by the GCC Relief Aid Coordination Office to the Republic of Yemen, as well as the humanitarian and development aid provided by all Council states to Yemen. The Council noted the vital development projects and programmes implemented by the Saudi Development and Reconstruction Program for Yemen (SDRPY) in various Yemeni governorates, totalling (265) development projects and initiatives across (8) essential sectors: education, health, water, energy, transport, agriculture and fisheries, capacity building for government institutions, financial support for the Yemeni government budget, support for salaries, wages and operating expenses, and food security in Yemen. The Council also commended the efforts of the Saudi Project for Landmine Clearance (MASAM) to clear Yemeni lands of mines, which has succeeded in removing (525,498) mines, unexploded ordnance, and improvised explosive devices (IEDs), and clearing (73,658,473) square metres of land in Yemen that were booby-trapped with mines and unexploded ordnance planted by the Houthi militias, claiming innocent victims among children, women, and the elderly.
99. The Supreme Council condemned the continued arbitrary detention by the terrorist Houthi militias of a number of employees of the United Nations, its affiliated organisations, and diplomatic missions, as well as their targeting of World Food Programme (WFP) buildings, the confiscation of property belonging to the United Nations, and the storming of other UN-affiliated premises.
100. The Supreme Council welcomed the United Nations' decision to relocate the official headquarters of the Resident Coordinator post in Yemen from Sana'a to the temporary capital, Aden. It affirmed its encouragement for all UN agencies, funds, and programmes to follow suit to ensure the continued delivery of humanitarian aid to all parts of Yemen and to ensure the safety of humanitarian workers.
101. The Supreme Council welcomed the announcement by the Sultanate of Oman on May 6, 2025, regarding reaching a ceasefire between the United States of America and the Houthis, with the aim of protecting international navigation and trade. The Council praised Oman’s role in the release of the detainees from the ship (Galaxy) and underlined the importance of preserving maritime security and waterways, and confronting activities that threaten the security and stability of the region and the world, including the targeting of commercial vessels and threatening maritime shipping lines and international trade. The Council underscored the necessity of respecting the right of maritime navigation therein, in accordance with the provisions of international law and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (1982).
102. The Supreme Council condemned the attacks carried out by the Houthi militia in the waters of the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, including the targeting of the Dutch merchant vessel "MINERVAGRACHT," constituting a direct threat to the security and safety of navigation in one of the most important maritime corridors in the world.
The Supreme Council praised the announcement by the National Resistance Forces affiliated with the Yemeni government regarding their success in seizing a strategic arms shipment in the Red Sea, totalling 750 tons, which was en route to the Houthi group from Iran. It also commended the announcement by security services at the Container Port in the temporary Yemeni capital, Aden, regarding the seizure of 58 commercial shipping containers loaded with more than 2,500 tons of weapons and equipment; as well as the announcement by security services in Lahj Governorate regarding the seizure of a boat carrying a shipment of drone equipment, surveillance devices, espionage equipment, and electronic chips belonging to the terrorist Houthi militia, and the seizure of a smuggling boat carrying a ton of various narcotics. The Council condemned the continued foreign interference in Yemen's internal affairs, the support for terrorist groups, and the smuggling of military experts and weapons to the Houthi group, in clear violation of Security Council Resolutions 2216, 2231, and 2624.
103. The Supreme Council praised the announcement by the National Resistance Forces affiliated with the Yemeni government regarding their success in seizing a strategic arms shipment in the Red Sea, totalling 750 tons, which was en route to the Houthi group from Iran. It also commended the announcement by security services at the Container Port in the temporary Yemeni capital, Aden, regarding the seizure of 58 commercial shipping containers loaded with more than 2,500 tons of weapons and equipment; as well as the announcement by security services in Lahj Governorate regarding the seizure of a boat carrying a shipment of drone equipment, surveillance devices, espionage equipment, and electronic chips belonging to the terrorist Houthi militia, and the seizure of a smuggling boat carrying a ton of various narcotics. The Council condemned the continued foreign interference in Yemen's internal affairs, the support for terrorist groups, and the smuggling of military experts and weapons to the Houthi group, in clear violation of Security Council Resolutions 2216, 2231, and 2624.
Syria:
104. The Supreme Council stressed the importance of respecting the sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity of the sisterly Syrian Arab Republic, and rejected foreign interference in its internal affairs. It asserted that the security and stability of Syria are a fundamental pillar of the security and stability of the region. The Council emphasised the necessity of adhering to the principles of the United Nations Charter, including state sovereignty, non-interference in internal affairs, good neighbourliness, and the peaceful settlement of disputes, in order to protect regional and international peace and security. It also stressed the necessity of confronting terrorism and chaos, combating extremism, radicalism, and incitement, respecting diversity, and not offending the beliefs of others, while condemning all acts of violence in Syria.
105. The Supreme Council welcomed the announcement by the Syrian Arab Republic of reaching a roadmap to resolve the crisis in the Suwayda Governorate, praising the efforts exerted by the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the United States of America in this context. It affirmed its support for all steps taken by Syria that enhance its security and stability.
106. The Supreme Council welcomed the agreement reached on March 10, 2025, stipulating the integration of all civil and military institutions in North East Syria into the institutions of the Syrian State. This step is intended to complete the path of building state institutions and achieving national unity and coexistence in Syria.
107. The Supreme Council condemned the repeated Israeli attacks and violations against the sisterly Syrian Arab Republic, and its blatant aggressions against its sovereignty and stability, which destabilise its security and the unity and integrity of its territories and citizens. The Council called upon all Syrian parties to prioritise the language of reason and dialogue, reject calls for division, and enhance solidarity among the Syrian people to contribute to completing the process of building the new Syrian state.
108. The Supreme Council welcomed Security Council Resolution 2782 of June 30, 2025, regarding the necessity of all parties adhering to the 1974 Disengagement Agreement. The Council reiterated its affirmation that the Golan Heights are Arab Syrian land. It condemned the decisions of the Israeli occupation to expand settlements in the occupied Golan and its occupation of the buffer zone on the Syrian border, constituting a gross violation of the UN Charter, principles of international law, and relevant Security Council resolutions. The Council called upon the Security Council and the international community to assume their legal and moral responsibilities to stop these aggressions on Syrian territories and to guarantee Israel’s complete withdrawal from all occupied Syrian territories.
109. The Supreme Council applauded the efforts of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in contributing to the lifting of sanctions on the sisterly Syrian Arab Republic, valuing the response of the President of the United States of America to the Kingdom's request. This step is bound to enhance the Syrian people's confidence in their future, support the economy, and preserve the unity of the Syrian national fabric and its civil peace. The Council expressed its appreciation for the announcements by the United Kingdom and European Union countries regarding the lifting of sanctions imposed on Syria, and urged partners, states, and concerned organisations to provide all means of support to the sisterly Syrian people.
110. The Supreme Council praised the efforts of the United Arab Emirates regarding its investments in the Port of Tartus through DP World, which commenced its official operations on November 12, 2025. These operations included a planned investment amounting to 3 billion UAE Dirhams (800 million US Dollars).
111. The Supreme Council underlined its support for the efforts of the United Nations (UN) and endeavours exerted to care for Syrian refugees and displaced persons, and to work towards their voluntary and safe return to Syria in accordance with international standards. The Council also affirmed its rejection of any attempts to bring about demographic changes in Syria, underscoring the call to the UN Secretary-General to establish a United Nations mission in Syria.
112. The Supreme Council praised the results of the Saudi-Syrian Investment Forum held on July 24, 2025, in Damascus, which aims to encourage investors, explore investment opportunities in Syria, and contribute to its strategic projects in a number of vital sectors. The Council also praised the efforts of the State of Qatar and its announcement regarding the opening of the natural gas pipeline between Turkey and Syria, noting the efforts of all GCC states seeking to support the recovery and stability of Syria. Furthermore, the Supreme Council praised the completion of the implementation of the grant provided by the Kingdom to the energy sector in the Syrian Arab Republic on November 23, 2025, consisting of approximately 1,650,000 barrels of Saudi crude oil, to contribute to enhancing the operation of Syrian refineries and achieving their operational and financial sustainability.
Lebanon:
113. The Supreme Council affirmed the consistent positions of the GCC regarding the sisterly Republic of Lebanon, and its continuous support for Lebanon’s sovereignty, security, and stability. It expressed its support for the decisions of His Excellency President Joseph Aoun and the Lebanese government, emphasising the importance of implementing political and economic reforms, and ensuring that Lebanon does not become a launchpad for terrorism, drug smuggling, or other criminal activities that threaten the security and stability of the region.
114. The Supreme Council renewed its support for the path of reform and state-building in Lebanon, expressing its hope that Lebanon will regain security and peace, and achieve the aspirations of the Lebanese people for stability, prosperity, and development.
115. The Supreme Council stressed the necessity of adhering to the ceasefire agreement in Lebanon, reached in November 2024 through U.S. mediation efforts, and the necessity of implementing its provisions and supporting Lebanese and UN institutions in this regard. The Council condemned the continued Israeli aggressions, which resulted in thousands of civilian casualties, displacement, the destruction of infrastructure, civilian and health facilities, and the targeting of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL), in violation of international law and Security Council resolutions. The Council stressed the necessity of implementing Security Council resolutions regarding Lebanon, particularly Resolution 1701, and the Taif Agreement, expressing its rejection of foreign statements and interference in the internal affairs of sisterly Lebanon.
116. The Supreme Council welcomed the decision of the Lebanese government regarding the possession of weapons throughout Lebanon, based on the Taif Agreement and relevant international resolutions. The Council also welcomed Security Council Resolution 2790 regarding the extension of the mandate of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) until December 31, 2026, underscoring the importance of the existing cooperation between the Lebanese government and the United Nations to ensure the implementation of the resolution according to the specified timeline, and in a manner that protects security and peace.
117. The Supreme Council underlined its support for the efforts of the Quintet Group regarding Lebanon, which emphasised the importance of implementing the necessary economic reforms for the Lebanese government to fulfil its responsibilities towards its citizens. The Council praised the efforts of Lebanon’s friends and partners in restoring and enhancing trust and cooperation between Lebanon and the GCC states, and their backing for the role of the Lebanese Army and the Internal Security Forces in maintaining Lebanon’s security.
118. The Supreme Council noted with appreciation the aid provided by the GCC states to the sisterly Lebanese people, as well as the aid provided by sisterly and friendly nations, to meet urgent humanitarian needs.
119. The Supreme Council called for intensifying international and regional efforts to provide urgent humanitarian support to Lebanon to alleviate the suffering of civilians, protect them from any serious repercussions, avoid involvement in regional conflicts, and prevent the widening of the scope of conflict in the region.
Sudan:
120. The Supreme Council affirmed its support for peace efforts in Sudan that preserve its security, stability, and sovereignty.
121. The Supreme Council commended the efforts of His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Crown Prince and Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, in supporting peace efforts in Sudan, including during His Highness's visit to Washington in November 2025.
122. The Supreme Council welcomed the announcement by US President Donald Trump of his intention to work with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, the Arab Republic of Egypt, and other partners in the Middle East to end the war in Sudan, achieve lasting stability, and resolve the ongoing conflict.
123. The Supreme Council welcomed the statement issued by the Quartet Committee (United Arab Emirates, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Arab Republic of Egypt, and the United States of America) on September 12, 2025, regarding the restoration of peace and security in Sudan.
124. The Supreme Council stressed the need for all parties to the conflict to uphold their obligations to protect civilians and facilitate the unimpeded delivery of humanitarian aid and relief to all parts of Sudan, in order to avert the risk of famine and food insecurity, in accordance with international humanitarian law and the Jeddah Declaration.
125. The Supreme Council affirmed its support for political efforts to achieve a ceasefire and a political transition in Sudan through the establishment of an independent civilian government, in a manner that fulfils the aspirations of the Sudanese people for growth, stability, and peace.
126. The Supreme Council commended the humanitarian and relief assistance provided by the GCC countries, other brotherly and friendly nations, and international organisations to the brotherly Sudanese people.
127. The Supreme Council emphasised the significance of preserving Sudanese state institutions and launching a Sudanese-led political process that achieves a political transition through the establishment of a civilian government that excludes extremist groups and those who have committed crimes against the Sudanese people.
The Kingdom of Morocco:
128. The Supreme Council reiterated its affirmation of the Moroccan sovereignty over the Sahara and its support for the Autonomy Initiative as a solution to the Moroccan Sahara issue. It welcomed UN Security Council Resolution 2797, dated October 31, 2025, adopting this initiative as an important step towards reaching a realistic and applicable solution. The Council praised the decision of His Majesty King Mohammed VI, King of the Kingdom of Morocco, to present this initiative to the Security Council and to designate October 31 of every year as a national holiday under the name "Unity Day."
Libya:
129. The Supreme Council affirmed the position of the GCC states in support of the sisterly State of Libya and the "Libyan-Libyan" political solution, as well as relevant Security Council resolutions, in a manner that preserves its security, stability, sovereignty, and territorial integrity. It called for the cessation of interference in its internal affairs and the departure of all foreign forces, mercenaries, and foreign fighters from Libyan territories.
130. The Supreme Council called upon all parties in Libya to prioritise wisdom and reason and to adopt political dialogue to resolve disputes, in a manner that preserves the supreme interests of the State of Libya and achieves its people's aspirations for development and prosperity. It expressed support for the efforts of the United Nations to reach a political solution to the Libyan crisis, hold elections, unify state institutions, and realise the aspirations of the sisterly Libyan people for security, stability, and development.
131. The Supreme Council welcomed Security Council Resolution 2769, dated January 16, 2025, regarding allowing Libyan institutions to invest frozen monetary reserves in time deposits at international financial institutions.
Somalia:
132. The Supreme Council affirmed the GCC’s solidarity with the Federal Republic of Somalia in all that supports its security, stability, sovereignty, and territorial integrity in order to achieve a decent life for its sisterly people.
133. The Supreme Council welcomed the agreement reached between the Federal Republic of Somalia and the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia on December 11, 2024, regarding the restoration of full diplomatic relations between the two sides, considering it an important step to enhance security and stability in the Horn of Africa region.
134. The Supreme Council condemned the terrorist attack on October 4, 2025, which targeted the "Godka Jilaow" prison in the Somali capital, Mogadishu. It expressed its sincere condolences to the government and people of Somalia, and to the families of the victims, along with its sincere wishes for a speedy recovery to the injured.
135. The Supreme Council emphasised the importance of Security Council Resolution 2767 issued on December 27, 2024, which affirmed full respect for Somalia's sovereignty, territorial integrity, political independence, and unity, and the need to follow a comprehensive approach that reinforces the foundations of peace and stability, in line with the priorities identified by the Government of Somalia.
136. The Supreme Council condemned terrorist activities in Somalia and the direct threat they pose to Somalia's security and stability, affirming the necessity of concerted regional and international efforts to support the Somali government in combating terrorism and extremism.
137. The Supreme Council called upon the international community to stand by Somalia and support it in confronting political, security, economic, and humanitarian challenges.
Iran:
138. The Supreme Council affirmed the consistent positions and decisions regarding relations with Iran, and the necessity of Iran’s adherence to the foundations and fundamental principles based on the United Nations Charter and international law, the principles of good neighbourliness, respect for the sovereignty of states, non-interference in internal affairs, resolving disputes by peaceful means, refraining from the use of force or the threat thereof, and rejecting terrorism, extremism, and sectarianism.
139. The Supreme Council praised the efforts exerted by the Sultanate of Oman to facilitate dialogue between Iran and the United States of America regarding the nuclear file. It underscored the importance of continuing constructive negotiations to reach a comprehensive solution to this file, and that these negotiations address all security issues and concerns of the Council states. The Council expressed the readiness of the GCC states to cooperate and deal effectively with this file, and the necessity of their participation in all regional and international negotiations, discussions, and meetings related to it. The Council stressed that this will contribute to achieving common goals and interests within the framework of respect for state sovereignty, principles of good neighbourliness, and adherence to UN resolutions and international legitimacy to ensure the enhancement of regional and international security and stability.
140. The Supreme Council stressed the importance of constructive cooperation between Iran and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), and the necessity of strengthening diplomatic efforts to ensure the commitment of all parties to relevant international agreements, thereby contributing to building confidence and enhancing regional and international security and stability.
141. The Supreme Council expressed its condemnation of the Israeli attacks on Iranian nuclear facilities, and the threat this poses to regional and international security and the safety of the region. It called for the use of peaceful means to resolve this file and all other contentious issues between the countries of the region.
142. The Supreme Council underlined the importance of protecting maritime security and waterways in the region, and confronting activities that threaten the security and stability of the region and the world, including the targeting of commercial vessels, threatening maritime shipping lines and international trade, and oil facilities in the Council states.
143. The Supreme Council expressed the necessity of preserving the security and stability of the region, and for all parties to exert joint efforts toward de-escalation, adopting diplomacy as an effective means to settle disputes, exercising maximum restraint, and sparing the region and its peoples the dangers of war.
Pakistan and Afghanistan:
144. The Supreme Council welcomed the agreement on an immediate ceasefire between Pakistan and Afghanistan, and the establishment of mechanisms dedicated to consolidating lasting peace and stability between the two countries.
145. The Supreme Council praised the diplomatic efforts, endeavours, and constructive role played by both the sisterly State of Qatar and the Republic of Turkey in this regard.
146. The Supreme Council affirmed its support for all regional and international efforts aimed at enhancing peace and stability, and its constant keenness on establishing security in order to accomplish stability and prosperity for the sisterly Pakistani and Afghan peoples, looking forward to this positive step leading to an end to tensions on the borders between the two countries.
Pakistan and India:
147. The Supreme Council expressed its satisfaction with the agreement between India and Pakistan on a ceasefire and their prioritisation of wisdom and restraint. It expressed hope that this agreement would lead to the restoration of security and peace in the region, praising the efforts of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia which contributed to de-escalation and ending military confrontations.
148. The Supreme Council affirmed the importance of restoring security and stability in the Indian Subcontinent, resolving disputes through diplomatic means, and adhering to the principles of good neighbourliness, the provisions of international law, and United Nations (UN) resolutions. It emphasised refraining from the use of force or the threat thereof, affirming the role of the United Nations in resolving the conflict.
Azerbaijan and Armenia:
149. The Supreme Council welcomed the historic peace agreement between Azerbaijan and Armenia, which embodies a victory for diplomacy, constructive dialogue, and the consolidation of the principles of good neighbourliness and peaceful coexistence.
150. The Supreme Council valued the tireless efforts undertaken by the United Arab Emirates, which contributed to achieving this historic accomplishment.
The Crisis between Russia and Ukraine:
151. The Supreme Council affirmed that its position on the Russian-Ukrainian crisis is based on the principles of international law and the Charter of the United Nations, and the preservation of the international order based on respect for the sovereignty of states, their territorial integrity and political independence, non-interference in their internal affairs, and the non-use of force or the threat thereof.
152. The Supreme Council praised the diplomatic efforts exerted by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and its hosting of talks between the Russian Federation and the United States of America regarding the Ukrainian crisis, expressing its hope that these talks would lead to achieving their intended goals in enhancing security and stability.
153. The Supreme Council affirmed its support for the mediation efforts and initiatives undertaken by the Council states, and their good offices to contribute to reaching a political solution to the crisis between Russia and Ukraine, as well as international and regional efforts to resolve the crisis, including the meetings of National Security Advisors held in Jeddah, Copenhagen, and Doha. It expressed welcome for the efforts of President Donald Trump to end the war, in a manner that preserves security and stability in Europe and enhances international peace and security.
154. The Supreme Council praised the success of the mediation efforts of the United Arab Emirates between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Ukraine, which led to the completion of a prisoner of war exchange process involving 4,641 prisoners from both sides. It also praised the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's efforts in the release of detainees and prisoner exchanges between Russia and Ukraine, and the success of the State of Qatar's mediation in reuniting Ukrainian and Russian children with their families. The Council noted the efforts of all its states and their success in mediating prisoner exchanges between the two parties, proceeding from their commitment to humanitarian principles and international solidarity in building peace and stability.
155. The Supreme Council noted with appreciation the humanitarian and relief aid provided by the GCC states to Ukraine, affirming the importance of continuing to support all efforts to facilitate the export of grain and all food and humanitarian supplies, to contribute to providing food security for affected countries.
Strengthening Strategic Partnerships with Other States and Groups:
156. The Supreme Council welcomed the participation of Her Excellency Ms Giorgia Meloni, Prime Minister of the Italian Republic, as a Guest of Honour at the 46th Session of the Supreme Council. It noted the discussions held on issues of common interest, foremost among them the Palestinian issue and the Israeli aggression on Gaza, as well as discussions on ways to strengthen existing bonds of cooperation between the two sides. This took place within the framework of implementing the Joint Action Plan for the period (2026-2030) to launch the partnership binding the two sides toward broader horizons.
157. The Supreme Council praised the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s hosting of the joint summit between the leaders of the GCC states and the United States of America, held in Riyadh on May 14, 2025, at the kind invitation of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud. The Council also welcomed the results of the Saudi-American Summit held on November 18, 2025, and the resulting outcomes that contribute to strengthening the partnership between the GCC and the friendly United States of America in order to serve common interests and benefits the region and the world.
158. The Supreme Council praised the outcomes of the Second Summit between the GCC and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), and the Joint Trilateral Summit between the GCC, ASEAN, and the People's Republic of China, held on May 27, 2025, in Malaysia.
159. The Supreme Council took note of the outcomes of the strategic dialogue meetings between the GCC and a number of countries and international groups held during 2025, including joint ministerial meetings with the United Kingdom, the Russian Federation, the French Republic, the Kingdom of Morocco, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Syrian Arab Republic, Japan, the European Union, Central Asian states, and the Benelux countries. The Supreme Council directed the rapid implementation of the decisions and joint action plans agreed upon, which would enhance the GCC’s progress and achieve its political and developmental goals regionally and internationally. It also directed the continuation of strengthening partnerships with all active states and organisations globally.
160. The Supreme Council took note of the results of the meeting held between the Heads of the Shura, Representatives, and National Councils of the GCC states and the President of the European Parliament, which convened in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, on June 23, 2025, to discuss ways to enhance joint GCC-European parliamentary dialogue and cooperation.
161. The Supreme Council affirmed the importance of bolstering economic relations with international states and economic blocs to achieve the interests of the Council states and enhance their regional and international standing, including through negotiations on Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) with other states and groups.
Presidency of the 47th Session of the GCC:
162. The Supreme Council welcomed the invitation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to host the next summit and expressed its anticipation for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s presidency of the Forty-Seventh Session of the Supreme Council.
Issued in Manama
12 Jumada Al-Akhirah 1447 AH, corresponding to December 3, 2025
