In response to an esteemed invitation from His Highness Shaikh Meshal Al Ahmad Al Jaber Al Sabah, the Supreme Council held its 45th Session in Kuwait on Sunday Jumada Al Ula 29, 1446, corresponding to December 1, 2024, chaired by His Highness, with the participation of Their Majesties and Highnesses:
His Highness Shaikh Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan,
Vice President of the United Arab Emirates, Deputy Prime Minister and Head of the Presidential Court.
His Royal Highness Prince Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa,
Crown Prince and Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Bahrain.
His Royal Highness Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud,
Crown Prince and Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
His Excellency Sayyid Fahd bin Mahmoud Al Said,
Deputy Prime Minister for Cabinet Affairs of the Sultanate of Oman.
His Highness Shaikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani,
Amir of the State of Qatar.
And His Excellency Mr Jasem Mohamed Abdullah Albudaiwi, Secretary General of the Gulf Cooperation Council.
1. The Supreme Council expressed its deep condolences and grief over the demise of the late His Highness Shaikh Nawaf Al Ahmad Al Jaber Al Sabah, Amir of the State of Kuwait, praying to Allah the Almighty to bestow His vast mercy upon him. He passed away after a life filled with noble deeds and significant achievements, and a journey rich in sincere giving, devoted work for the benefit of the State of Kuwait, its advancement, prosperity, and the welfare of its people. The Council extended its heartfelt condolences and sincere sympathy to the State of Kuwait, its leadership, government, and people, as well as to the Arab and Islamic nations in this grave loss. The Council also expressed its sincere appreciation for the late Emir's role in enhancing the journey of the GCC alongside his fellow leaders of the Council States, and for his substantial efforts in serving Arab and Islamic issues and the good of humanity, as well as peace in the region and the world.
2. The Supreme Council congratulated His Highness Shaikh Meshal Al Ahmad Al Jaber Al Sabah, may on the occasion of assuming the leadership of the State of Kuwait. The Council expressed its confidence that His Highness will enhance Kuwait’s active participation in supporting the blessed journey of the GCC and in achieving its noble goals alongside his brothers the leaders of the Council States, while maintaining the security of the GCC and reinforcing its foundations to ensure stability and prosperity for the Council States and their peoples.
3. The Supreme Council expressed its profound appreciation and gratitude for the sincere and dedicated efforts made by His Highness Shaikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, Amir of the State of Qatar, and his esteemed government during the State of Qatar’s presidency of the 44th session of the Supreme Council. The Council congratulated His Highness Shaikh Meshal Al Ahmad Al Sabah, Amir of the State of Kuwait, on the state of Kuwait assuming the presidency of the 45th session, wishing it success in enhancing the GCC's journey in all fields.
4. The Supreme Council congratulated the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on the successful Hajj season for the year 1445 H, expressing its appreciation for the efforts and facilities provided by the government of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, to care for the pilgrims and visitors, and for the outstanding organisation with which these rituals are managed and the services provided to the Two Holy Mosques.
5. The Supreme Council praised the outcomes of the extraordinary Arab and Islamic summit hosted by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on November 11, 2024, which emphasised the centrality of the Palestinian cause and the steadfast support for the Palestinian people in their legitimate rights, including their right to freedom and an independent sovereign state.
6. The Supreme Council commended the initiative of His Majesty King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of the Kingdom of Bahrain, to host the Islamic Dialogue Conference in Manama in February 2025, to enhance the values of coexistence, Islamic unity and dialogue among Muslims, considering it an urgent necessity to unite the nation and foster cohesion and solidarity among its various components in the face of common challenges.
7. The Supreme Council congratulated His Majesty King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of the Kingdom of Bahrain, on the Kingdom of Bahrain assuming the presidency of the 33rd Arab summit held in the Kingdom of Bahrain on May 16, 2024, appreciating the Kingdom’s distinguished efforts in preparing for the summit and the constructive results and decisions achieved to enhance the journey of joint Arab action.
8. The Supreme Council congratulated the Kingdom of Bahrain for the success of the International School Sport Federation Gymnasiade hosted by the Kingdom in October 2024, highlighting the significant preparations made by the Kingdom to host this edition of the global championship, affirming the impact of sports in fostering rapprochement and communication between the peoples of the world and instilling human civilizational values.
9. The Supreme Council congratulated the State of Qatar for successfully hosting the Web Summit 2024 and allocating USD 1 billion to support startups in Qatar and the region, as part of Qatar's National Vision 2030 to develop a competitive and diversified economy that balances progress and values.
10. The Supreme Council praised the State of Kuwait for hosting the fourth High-Level Conference on "Strengthening International Counter-Terrorism Cooperation and Building Agile Border Security Mechanisms – The Kuwait Phase of the Dushanbe Process" under the patronage of His Highness Shaikh Meshal Al Ahmad Al Sabah, Amir of Kuwait, which took place on November 4-5, 2024, and supports the global United Nations agreement to coordinate anti-terrorism efforts and enhance cooperation within the UN system.
11. The Supreme Council welcomed the successful proceedings of the World Government Summit 2024, held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, under the slogan “Shaping Future Governments”, which discussed important topics for government work in addressing the challenges posed by rapidly advancing technologies in artificial intelligence and quantum computing, and in enhancing government operations and fostering cooperation among governments.
12. The Supreme Council welcomed the outcomes of the Future Summit held in New York on September 22, 2024, and the adoption by the United Nations General Assembly of the “Future Charter”, which lays the foundations for reform and addresses various tracks, including peace, security, sustainable development and artificial intelligence, calling for urgent action to address global challenges such as climate change and the digital gap.
13. The Supreme Council praised the success of the Global Logistics Forum held under the patronage of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, in Riyadh from October 12-14, 2024, expressing its hope that the outcomes of this forum will contribute to enhancing mutual cooperation and developing logistics services and supply chains to support economic growth and achieve sustainable development.
14. The Supreme Council valued the signing of an agreement by the United Arab Emirates with the World Health Organisation (WHO) to establish a global centre for emergency logistics services. This agreement strengthens their long-term strategic partnership and the continuous support of the UAE for logistics operations and the global response of the WHO. Additionally, the UAE signed a funding agreement with WHO worth USD 3 million to support Sudanese refugees in Chad.
15. The Supreme Council commended the Shaikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani International Award for Excellence in Combating Corruption, reflecting the State of Qatar's ambitious vision to create a corruption-free world and to enhance international efforts in fighting corruption globally. Since its inception in 2016, the award has become an international platform aimed at honouring organisations, institutions, and individuals who have made distinguished contributions to combating corruption and promoting transparency and good governance worldwide.
16. The Supreme Council praised the third Asian Cooperation Dialogue Summit held in Doha on October 3, 2024, under the patronage of His Highness Shaikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, Amir of the State of Qatar. The summit, themed “Sport Diplomacy”, focused on the role of sport as a tool to promote peace and understanding among peoples and to support the values of tolerance and cooperation, following the success of the World Cup hosted by Qatar in 2022.
17. The Supreme Council noted the efforts made by the cybersecurity agencies in the GCC States and commended the role played by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in coordinating with the Council States to develop the Gulf Cybersecurity Strategy (2024-2028) and launching a platform for sharing cybersecurity information among the Council States, emphasizing the importance of cybersecurity in maintaining the shared Gulf security system.
18. The Supreme Council congratulated President-elect Donald Trump on his victory in the presidential elections, expressing its eagerness to enhance historic and strategic relations with the United States of America and to work together to achieve peace and stability in the region and the world. The Council extended its best wishes to the friendly American people for progress and prosperity under his leadership.
Vision of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques:
19. The Supreme Council reviewed the report of the General Secretariat regarding the progress made in implementing the vision of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, to enhance joint Gulf action, which was approved by the Supreme Council in its 36th session in December 2015. The Council emphasised the necessity of fully, accurately, and continuously implementing the vision of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, including completing the components of economic unity and the collective defence and security systems, coordinating positions to enhance solidarity and stability among the GCC States, safeguarding their interests, avoiding regional and international conflicts, meeting the aspirations and ambitions of their citizens, and enhancing their regional and international role through unifying political stances and developing strategic partnerships with the international community, regional and international organisations, and brotherly and friendly countries.
20. The Supreme Council directed the relevant authorities, councils, ministerial and technical committees, and the General Secretariat, as well as all Council agencies, to increase efforts to complete the remaining steps in implementing the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques' vision, in accordance with a defined timeline and careful follow-up. The Council tasked the General Secretariat with submitting a detailed report on this matter at the next meeting of the Supreme Council.
Joint Gulf Action:
21. The Supreme Council reviewed the progress of discussions regarding the implementation of the Supreme Council’s decision during its 33rd session concerning the proposal by the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, may he rest in peace, to move from a phase of cooperation to a phase of union. The Supreme Council directed to continue efforts to transition from cooperation to union, assigning the ministerial council and the head of the specialised authority to complete the necessary procedures and report back to the Supreme Council in its upcoming session.
22. The Supreme Council emphasised its commitment to the strength and cohesion of the GCC, the unity of its members, and achieving greater coordination, integration, and interconnection in all fields, to fulfil the aspirations of the citizens of the member states. It reiterated that its states stand united against any threats faced by any of the member countries.
23. The Supreme Council expressed its satisfaction with the outcomes of the 18th periodic meeting of their Excellencies the heads of the Shura, House of Representatives and National Assembly in the GCC, held on November 12, 2024, in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
24. The Supreme Council reviewed the report on the achievements of the Health Cities Programme in the member states, a report on the implementation of the International Health Regulations regarding joint Gulf efforts in public health emergencies, and the report related to the implementation of the Supreme Council’s decision on the labour inspection programme.
25. The Supreme Council approved the unified regulations to empower persons with disabilities within the GCC and amended some provisions of the unified insurance protection system for the GCC citizens.
26. The Supreme Council praised the accomplishments and efforts of the member states in combating corruption, including the adoption of a guide to enhance integrity through governance of state-owned enterprises and a disclosure guide for the media content and educational materials provided by the responsible authorities in the member states to promote integrity and combat corruption.
27. The Supreme Council adopted the legislative policy document for the GCC.
Environmental Protection, Climate Change, and Renewable Energy:
28. The Supreme Council emphasised the importance of enhancing joint action to maximise the impact of the member states’ efforts and initiatives related to energy transformations and climate change, activating cooperation, exchanging experiences, and developing enabling capabilities with regional countries under the umbrella of the Green Middle East Initiative.
29. The Supreme Council reaffirmed its commitment to adopting the fundamental pillars of social, economic, and environmental energy transformations by implementing the principle of shared yet differentiated responsibilities, as agreed upon in the United Arab Emirates Agreement during the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change Conference (COP28) held in Dubai in 2023, and continued sustainable investments in hydrocarbon resources. The Council welcomed the outcomes of COP29 held in Baku, Azerbaijan in this context.
30. The Supreme Council stressed the importance of supporting global energy market stability and adopting a balanced approach that does not exclude energy sources but instead innovates technologies that enable emissions management and efficient use of all energy sources to facilitate sustainable economic growth for all.
31. The Supreme Council praised member states for their achievements and efforts in the four pillars of the circular carbon economy (reducing emissions, reusing them, recycling them, and removing them) that are part of the Green Saudi Initiative, the Green Middle East Initiative, and the nationally determined contributions of the member states (such as renewable energy projects, energy efficiency, clean hydrogen production, carbon capture, storage, and reuse, and nature-based carbon removal solutions). The Council called for enhanced cooperation among member states to implement a circular carbon economy approach in related policies, mechanisms, strategies, plans, and initiatives, including nationally determined contributions.
32. The Supreme Council welcomed the launch of the first global food security summit, under the patronage of His Highness Shaikh Mansour bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Deputy Prime Minister and President of the Presidential Court of the United Arab Emirates, which took place in Abu Dhabi for the first time in the region on November 26 and 27, 2024. Senior government officials, decision-makers, and experts discussed challenges to food security and innovative solutions to enhance global food security systems and international efforts to eradicate hunger. The UAE serves as a platform for managing dialogues, discussions, and initiatives in the field of global food security.
33. The Supreme Council commended the initiatives presented by the United Arab Emirates in addressing water scarcity challenges and enhancing food security, with the "Zayed Wells" initiative being one of the most notable efforts, having provided water to millions of people worldwide. The UAE Water Aid Foundation (Suqia UAE) initiative has also provided potable water to over 15 million people in 37 countries, vividly demonstrating the UAE’s commitment to addressing global challenges related to water and food security. The UAE emphasises the connection between water and food security through the "Mohammed bin Zayed for Water" initiative, launched this year as one of its key initiatives to highlight the water scarcity crisis and prioritise it on the global agenda.
34. The Supreme Council praised the UAE’s launch of the “Plant UAE” initiative to promote green spaces and support local agriculture, contributing to sustainable food production. The UAE is also collaborating with the Gates Foundation in a partnership worth USD 200 million to drive agricultural innovation and support small farmers in developing countries, enhancing global food security through innovation and sustainability.
35. The Supreme Council welcomed the United Arab Emirates' hosting of the United Nations Water Conference in 2026, reiterating its steadfast commitment to shaping a sustainable future through enhancing international cooperation and advancing innovative solutions to ensure responsible resource management for future generations.
36. The Supreme Council praised the successful hosting of the "Expo 2023 Doha for Horticulture" in Qatar under the theme “Green Desert, Better Environment”, which was attended by 77 countries and millions of visitors, focusing on enhancing environmental sustainability, combating desertification, and encouraging innovation and modern technologies in agricultural development.
Joint Military and Security Action:
37. The Supreme Council approved the recommendations of the Joint Defense Council at its 21st session and expressed its satisfaction with the progress of joint military action to achieve operational integration among the armed forces of the member states. It commended the joint exercises and coordination meetings that took place over the course of 2024.
38. The Supreme Council endorsed the Joint Defence Council's recommendation to appoint His Excellency Major General Abdulaziz bin Ahmed bin Salim Al Balawi as the Commander of the Unified Military Command of the GCC, wishing him success in his mission.
39. The Supreme Council approved the decisions of the Interior Ministers’ Committee at its 41st meeting held in Doha, Qatar, on November 20, 2024, and welcomed the committee’s proposal to develop a Gulf strategy to combat money laundering during 2025, as well as the initiatives and projects related to the digital transformation of joint security services.
40. The Supreme Council welcomed the efforts undertaken by the Interior Ministers' Committee regarding the unified tourist visa and the project for developing the traffic systems, endorsing the outcomes achieved and delegating the Interior Ministers to take the necessary actions in this regard.
41. The Supreme Council approved the Gulf strategy to combat drug trafficking for the years 2025 - 2028 and the establishment of a joint committee with relevant authorities to follow up its implementation.
Regional and International Issues:
42. The Supreme Council reiterated the member states’ commitment to maintaining stability and security in the region, supporting the welfare of its peoples, strengthening the Council's relations with brotherly and friendly countries, and regional and international organisations, and enhancing the Council's role in achieving peace, sustainable development, and serving the ambitious aspirations of the Arab and Islamic nations, based on the Council's role as a cornerstone for maintaining regional and global security and peace.
43. The Supreme Council affirmed respect for the principles of sovereignty and non-interference in internal affairs, based on international charters, norms, and laws, rejecting any threats faced by any member state. It stressed that the security of the member states is indivisible according to the principle of collective defence, the concept of collective security, the GCC Charter, and the Joint Defence Agreement. It also affirmed that the security of the member states is a fundamental contributor to Arab national security, rejecting foreign interventions in Arab countries from any party.
The Situation in Gaza:
44. The Supreme Council condemned the ongoing Israeli aggression against the Gaza Strip, the targeting of Palestinian civilians, and the forced displacement of the population. It affirmed the cooperation of the GCC in standing alongside the brotherly Palestinian people in Gaza and its surroundings, demanding the immediate and permanent cessation of Israeli military operations and fire, the lifting of the blockade imposed on the Gaza Strip, alleviating the suffering of the Palestinian people, and ensuring the secure delivery of all humanitarian and relief aid as well as basic necessities to the residents of Gaza.
45. The Supreme Council emphasised that Israel bears full responsibility for its ongoing violations and assaults against innocent civilians, which have resulted in the death of tens of thousands of civilians in the Gaza Strip, most of them women and children, and considered them war crimes and crimes against humanity under international humanitarian law. The Council welcomed the decision of the International Criminal Court in this regard issued on November 21, 2024.
46. The Supreme Council expressed its rejection of any justifications or excuses to describe the Israeli aggression against the Gaza Strip as self-defense, demanding that the international community take necessary actions under international law to respond to the actions of the Israeli government and its policy of collective punishment against the residents of the Gaza Strip.
47. The Supreme Council condemned in the strongest terms the shocking and horrific crimes committed by Israeli occupation forces in the Gaza Strip as part of a genocide and ethnic cleansing agenda, including the killing of civilians, torture, summary executions, enforced disappearances, forced displacement, and looting. The Council expressed its support for the steadfastness of the Palestinian people on their land, warning against attempts to displace them, demanding the protection of civilians, refraining from targeting them, and compliance with and adherence to international law and international humanitarian law without exception. The Council urged the Security Council to establish an independent international committee to investigate these crimes, take serious steps to prevent them, hold perpetrators accountable, and provide international protection for the Palestinian people.
48. The Supreme Council condemned the continued destruction by Israeli forces of residential neighbourhoods, hospitals, schools, universities, mosques, churches, and infrastructure in the Gaza Strip, including the incursion by Israeli occupation forces into Kamal Adwan Hospital on October 26, 2024, and the targeting of homes in Beit Lahia on October 21, 2024. It condemned the barbaric Israeli assaults on Indonesian Hospital, Al Awda Hospital, and Shifa Hospital on October 19, 2024, targeting displacement camps in the courtyards of Al Aqsa Martyrs Hospital in Deir Al Balah on October 14, 2024, the targeting of a school in Al Zeitoun neighbourhood on September 21, 2024, and the area of Al Mawasi on September 10, 2024, in Khan Younis, all of which constitute a blatant violation of international humanitarian law.
49. The Supreme Council condemned the continued targeting of humanitarian and international organisations by Israeli occupation forces in the Gaza Strip, including the targeting of a school run by the agency in Nuseirat camp on September 12, 2024. The Council condemned the ongoing assaults by Israeli settlers on humanitarian aid convoys, emphasising the responsibility of Israeli occupation forces under international humanitarian law to protect these convoys to ensure the delivery of necessary humanitarian aid to the Gaza Strip and not to obstruct the work of international organizations.
50. The Supreme Council condemned the statements made by the Prime Minister of Israel and the absurd attempts to justify continuing Israeli violations of international laws and norms. It also condemned Israel’s occupation of the Philadelphi Corridor and the closure of the Rafah Crossing against the entry of humanitarian and relief aid for the residents of the Gaza Strip. It stressed the importance of opening all crossings immediately and unconditionally, affirming the solidarity of the Council’s member states with the sisterly Arab Republic of Egypt in facing Israeli claims. The Council warned of the consequences of such provocative statements and their impact on undermining mediation efforts. The Supreme Council also condemned the extreme statements and actions of the Israeli Defence and National Security Ministers regarding the forced displacement of Palestinian populations from the Gaza Strip, the re-occupation of the territory, and the establishment of settlements.
51. The Supreme Council welcomed the outcomes of the extraordinary joint Arab-Islamic summit held in Riyadh on November 11, 2024, aimed at unifying efforts to stop the war on Gaza and its humanitarian repercussions.
52. The Supreme Council praised the efforts of the State of Qatar in mediating a ceasefire and facilitating the delivery of assistance to the besieged Gaza Strip, reaffirming the contents of the joint statement issued on August 8, 2024, by His Highness Shaikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, Amir of the State of Qatar, His Excellency President Abdel Fattah El Sisi of the Arab Republic of Egypt, and His Excellency President Joseph Biden of the United States of America concerning the necessity of reaching a ceasefire, releasing hostages and detainees, and calling for the resumption of negotiations.
53. The Supreme Council called on the Security Council to implement its resolutions No. 2735, No. 2712, and No. 2720 concerning a ceasefire in the Gaza Strip, the release of hostages and the exchange of prisoners, the return of civilians to their homes, the safe and effective distribution of humanitarian aid widely, and the withdrawal of Israeli forces from the territory. It also expressed regret at the Council’s failure, on November 20, 2024, to issue a resolution affirming a permanent, immediate and comprehensive ceasefire.
54. The Supreme Council emphasised the importance of preparing a comprehensive plan for the return of the Palestinian Authority to the Gaza Strip, rejecting any actions to separate the Gaza Strip from the West Bank. It asserted that any proposals regarding the future of the Gaza Strip must be within the context of a united Palestinian state, adhering to an inclusive approach toward a reliable and irreversible path for implementing the two-state solution.
55. The Supreme Council welcomed the decision issued by the International Court of Justice on May 24, 2024, ordering Israel to immediately cease military actions or any other activities in the Rafah governorate based on the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. It affirmed the necessity of opening the Rafah Crossing for humanitarian aid to enter the Gaza Strip and ensuring that any investigation or fact-finding committee regarding the genocide charge can access it. It emphasised that international decisions should encompass all Palestinian territories in accordance with relevant international legitimacy resolutions, and reiterated its call for the international community to assume its responsibilities to stop Israeli aggression.
56. The Supreme Council welcomed the adoption by the United Nations Human Rights Council on April 5, 2024, of a resolution calling on all countries to "cease the sale, transfer, and conversion of arms, munitions, and other military equipment to Israel" in order to prevent further violations of international humanitarian law and human rights violations against the Palestinian people. It called on all countries to cease support for the Israeli occupation authorities in their aggression against the Palestinian people and to prohibit the export of arms and munitions used by its army and settlers to target civilians.
57. The Supreme Council welcomed the United Kingdom's announcement on September 3, 2024, to suspend licenses for arms exports to the Israeli occupation to avoid their use in committing serious violations of international humanitarian law, including equipment used in the current war on the Gaza Strip.
58. The Supreme Council welcomed the call by His Excellency President Emmanuel Macron of the French Republic on October 5, 2024, to stop delivering arms to the Israeli occupation for the war in Gaza, praising this important step toward stopping the war.
59. The Supreme Council commended the efforts of the Republic of South Africa in filing a lawsuit against the ongoing violations and genocide committed by the Israeli occupation in the Gaza Strip. It welcomed the preliminary decision issued by the International Court of Justice on January 26, 2024, aimed at halting any practices and statements intended to genocide the Palestinian people in the Gaza Strip, as well as the additional evidence presented by the Republic of South Africa to the court on October 28, 2024.
60. The Supreme Council called on the Security Council to adopt a binding resolution under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter that guarantees compliance by the Israeli occupation forces with an immediate ceasefire and an end to the genocide and forced displacement of the Palestinian people, the entry of humanitarian aid, and the restoration of normalcy in the Gaza Strip.
61. The Supreme Council praised the outcomes of the emergency humanitarian response conference in the Gaza Strip, hosted by the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in collaboration with the Arab Republic of Egypt and the United Nations on June 11, 2024.
62. The Supreme Council acknowledged the efforts made by the member states of the Cooperation Council and Arab countries politically to stop the Israeli attacks on the Gaza Strip, the humanitarian and relief assistance provided by Cooperation Council countries to Gaza, and the popular campaigns to support the Palestinian people and deliver humanitarian aid to the besieged population.
The Palestinian Cause:
63. The Supreme Council affirmed the centrality of the Palestinian cause, the need to end the Israeli occupation, and its support for the sovereignty of the Palestinian people over all occupied Palestinian territories. It called on all countries to complete their recognition of the State of Palestine and to take urgent collective action to achieve a permanent solution that guarantees the establishment of an independent Palestinian state along the 1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital, in line with the Arab Peace Initiative and the decisions of international legitimacy, emphasising the need for the international community to intensify efforts to resolve the conflict in a manner that satisfies all the legitimate rights of the brotherly Palestinian people.
64. The Supreme Council affirmed the importance of the initiatives announced by His Majesty King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of the Kingdom of Bahrain, at the 33rd Arab Summit held in the Kingdom of Bahrain, calling for an international conference for peace in the Middle East to establish a national, sovereign, independent and secure Palestinian state. It supported efforts to recognise the State of Palestine at the international level and grant it full membership in the United Nations. The Council also reiterated the summit’s call for the deployment of international protection and peacekeeping forces from the United Nations in the occupied Palestinian territories until a two-state solution is implemented.
65. The Supreme Council expressed its support for the efforts of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in launching the "International Coalition to Implement the Two-State Solution" in New York on September 26, 2024, in partnership with the Kingdom of Norway and the European Union, to set a timeline for the establishment of an independent Palestinian state and to end the Israeli occupation. The Council welcomed the results of the first meeting of the coalition held in Riyadh on October 30-31, 2024, which was attended by over 90 countries and international and regional organisations. It also welcomed the results of the second meeting held in Brussels on November 28, calling on all nations wishing for peace to join this initiative.
66. The Supreme Council affirmed its support for the initiative of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the European Union, and the League of Arab States to revive the peace process in the Middle East and launch the "Peace Day Effort" with the Arab Republic of Egypt and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.
67. The Supreme Council praised the outcomes of the meetings held by the ministerial committee chaired by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, which was formed by the joint extraordinary Arab and Islamic summit to work on stopping the Israeli aggression against the Palestinian people and to move internationally to support the efforts of the State of Palestine in obtaining recognition from more countries of the world, as well as supporting them in obtaining full membership in the United Nations.
68. The Supreme Council commended the recognition of the State of Palestine by Barbados, Jamaica, the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, the Bahamas, the Kingdom of Norway, the Kingdom of Spain, the Republic of Ireland, the Republic of Slovenia, and the Republic of Armenia. It encouraged other countries to recognise the State of Palestine.
69. The Supreme Council emphasised the importance of the continued work of the Arab ministerial committee dedicated to supporting the State of Palestine, chaired by the Kingdom of Bahrain, in moving at the international level to assist the State of Palestine in gaining more recognitions, obtaining full membership in the United Nations, convening an international peace conference, and providing international protection for the Palestinian people.
70. The Supreme Council appreciated the efforts made by Arab countries to achieve national reconciliation aimed at restoring Palestinian national unity, reuniting the Palestinian people, and achieving their interests. It welcomed the signing of the "Beijing Declaration" by Palestinian factions on July 23, 2024, to end the division, achieve reconciliation, and enhance Palestinian unity. The Council expressed hope for the implementation of what was stated in the declaration.
71. The Supreme Council welcomed the advisory opinion issued by the International Court of Justice on July 18, 2024, declaring the illegality of Israel’s presence in the occupied Palestinian territories since 1967, and determining the consequences resulting from the Israeli occupation of these territories. The Council praised the representations made by GCC countries and the friendly nations before the International Court of Justice during the consideration of the advisory opinion regarding the legality of the Israeli occupation of Palestinian territories.
72. The Supreme Council condemned the malicious campaigns launched by the Israeli occupation government against His Excellency Mr. António Guterres, Secretary General of the United Nations, affirming its support for the UN Secretary General and his vital role in promoting dialogue and ensuring international peace and security, particularly in the Middle East region.
73. The Supreme Council welcomed the adoption by the United Nations General Assembly on September 18, 2024, of the resolution "Ending the Unlawful Presence in the Occupied Palestinian Territories". It also valued the General Assembly's decision recognising Palestine's eligibility for full membership in the United Nations, calling on the Security Council to promptly issue a decision granting the State of Palestine full membership in the United Nations.
74. The Supreme Council called on the international community to intervene to stop the targeting of the Palestinian presence in Jerusalem, the expulsion of Palestinians from their homes, attempts to change its legal and historical status, its demographic composition, and the special arrangements for Islamic holy sites, and attempts to impose Israeli sovereignty over them in blatant violation of international law, international resolutions, and existing agreements in this regard, emphasising the necessity of avoiding unilateral actions.
75. The Supreme Council condemned the Israeli occupation’s approval on March 6, 2024, to build around 3,500 new settlement units in the West Bank, and attempts to Judaize large areas of the West Bank, including Jerusalem, in contradiction to all international resolutions, international human rights law, and United Nations charters, which obstruct opportunities for peace and stability. The Council condemned the Israeli security cabinet's decision on June 29, 2024, to expand settlements in the occupied West Bank, and it denounced Israel's ongoing construction of settlement units in the occupied Palestinian territories and the expulsion of Palestinians from their homes. It expressed its rejection of any approach to annex settlements in the West Bank to Israel, which constitutes a blatant violation of the United Nations charter, principles of international law, and United Nations resolutions, including Security Council Resolution 2334 of 2016, the advisory opinion of the International Court of Justice of 2004, and the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949. The Council called on the international community to pressure the Israeli authorities to retract their settlement decisions that contradict international laws and resolutions.
76. The Supreme Council appreciated the decision made by the UNESCO Executive Council on October 16, 2024, which called upon the Israeli occupation, as the occupying power, to cease all its unilateral actions aimed at changing the existing historical and legal status in Jerusalem and its holy sites, and deemed those actions null and void.
77. The Supreme Council welcomed the results of the report issued on April 22, 2024, by the independent committee concerning the performance of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) and confirmed the agency's essential role in supporting the humanitarian and developmental efforts for the Palestinian people. It welcomed the outcomes of the international meeting held in New York on September 26, 2024, to support the agency, emphasising the importance of increasing international support for the agency under the critical humanitarian circumstances and the continuation of the agency in fulfilling its duties to ensure the provision of basic requirements for Palestinians, alleviating the impact of the humanitarian crisis faced by the occupied Palestine. The Council acknowledged the generous assistance and support provided by the member states and all donor countries for the agency's activities.
78. The Supreme Council condemned the Israeli Knesset's approval of bills on October 28, 2024, that prohibit the activities of UNRWA in the occupied Palestinian territories, which constitutes a violation of international law and a serious precedent against the United Nations and multilateral work. It also condemned the decision by the Israeli authorities on October 12, 2024, to confiscate the land on which UNRWA's headquarters is located in occupied Jerusalem and convert it into a settlement outpost.
79. The Supreme Council condemned the approval by the Israeli Knesset on July 18, 2024, of a decision rejecting the establishment of a Palestinian state, which represents a stark challenge to international legitimacy and a disregard for the efforts made by the international community to revive the peace process in the Middle East and to realise the two-state solution.
80. The Supreme Council condemned the preliminary approval by the Israeli Knesset on July 24, 2024, of a bill classifying UNRWA as a terrorist organisation, stressing the necessity of the international community firmly confronting the Israeli plans aimed at liquidating the agency and depriving millions of Palestinians in the Gaza Strip, the West Bank, Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon of its vital services.
81. The Supreme Council condemned the blatant incursion by the Israeli Prime Minister into the Jordan Valley in the West Bank on September 12, 2024, in violation of Security Council resolutions, especially Resolution No. 2334. The Council denounced the repeated incursions by settlers and Israeli officials into the courtyards of Al Aqsa Mosque, which constitutes a serious breach of international law and the existing historical and legal status in holy Jerusalem and its sanctities, violating the sanctity of Al Aqsa Mosque and provoking Muslim sentiments. The Council affirmed that the ongoing violations and assaults on holy sites exacerbate tensions and lead to a continuous cycle of violence.
82. The Supreme Council condemned the Israeli Knesset's endorsement on October 30, 2024, of a law preventing the opening of diplomatic missions in Palestine in East Jerusalem.
The Iranian Occupation of the Three Islands Belonging to the United Arab Emirates:
83. The Supreme Council reaffirmed its firm stances and previous resolutions condemning the continued Iranian occupation of the three islands (Greater Tunb, Lesser Tunb, and Abu Musa) belonging to the United Arab Emirates, reiterating the following:
a. Support for the UAE's sovereign right over its three islands, Greater Tunb, Lesser Tunb, and Abu Musa, and over their territorial waters, airspace, continental shelf, and exclusive economic zone, as an integral part of the UAE's territory.
b. Consideration that any decisions, practices, or actions taken by Iran on the three islands are null and void and do not alter the historical and legal facts that unanimously confirm the UAE's sovereignty over its three islands.
c. A call on Iran to respond to the UAE's efforts to resolve the issue through direct negotiations or recourse to the International Court of Justice.
84. The Supreme Council condemned the Iranian government's continued construction of residential facilities to settle Iranians on the three occupied UAE islands, and the escalating stances and actions taken by the Iranian authorities, including statements issued by the Iranian Deputy Minister of Roads and Urban Development, Arslan Maleki, on May 12, 2024, regarding Iran's intention to provide illegal land and housing projects on the occupied Abu Musa Island, and statements by the (late) Iranian President on February 4, 2024, during a cabinet meeting about Iranian industrial efforts on the islands, in addition to statements by Mohammad Mokhber – the First Vice President of Iran on January 11, 2024, regarding the completion of what he called a development document for the three islands and its inclusion of the construction of residential facilities and projects on the three UAE islands.
85. The Supreme Council condemned the Iranian government's continued construction of illegal colonial residential facilities to settle Iranians on the three UAE islands occupied by Iran, and the escalating stances and actions taken by the Iranian authorities, including the announcement by Ali Akbar Safaii, Deputy Minister of Roads and Urban Development, on November 5, 2024, of the commencement of construction of 110 residential units on Abu Musa Island, and the opening of a multi-purpose port in Abu Musa.
86. The Supreme Council condemned the Iranian military maneuvers that include the three occupied islands of the United Arab Emirates: Greater Tunb, Lesser Tunb, and Abu Musa, as well as the territorial waters, airspace, continental shelf, and exclusive economic zone of these islands, which are considered an integral part of the UAE's territory. The latest incident involved Iranian military exercises and combat drills on the occupied island of Abu Musa on June 20, 2024. The Council called on Iran to cease such violations and provocative actions, which constitute interference in the internal affairs of a sovereign state and do not contribute to building trust. These actions threaten security and stability in the region and endanger the safety of regional and international navigation in the Arabian Gulf.
87. The Supreme Council condemned the repeated visits by senior Iranian officials to the three occupied UAE islands, Greater Tunb, Lesser Tunb, and Abu Musa, the most recent of which was the visit by the Iranian Minister of Roads and Urban Development on November 5, 2024, to Abu Musa Island, to support the plan to build 110 colonial residential units on the island; and the visit by Alireza Tangsiri – Commander of the Iranian Revolutionary Guard Navy, to Abu Musa Island on October 25, 2024, and his statements claiming that the UAE islands belong to Iran.
Al Durra Field:
88. The Supreme Council affirmed that the Al Durra field is entirely situated within Kuwait's maritime territories. It declared that ownership of natural resources in the shared submerged zone adjacent to the Saudi-Kuwaiti partitioned area, including the entire A -Durra field, is exclusively shared between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the State of Kuwait. Only these two countries possess the complete rights to exploit the natural resources in this zone, according to international law and existing bilateral agreements. The Council categorically rejected any claims of rights by any other party in this field or the submerged zone adjacent to the partitioned area, as defined by the boundaries between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the State of Kuwait.
Combating Terrorism and Extremism:
89. The Supreme Council reiterated its steadfast positions and decisions regarding terrorism and extremism, regardless of their source. It denounced all forms and manifestations of terrorism, rejected its justifications and motivations, and committed to cutting off its funding sources. It also pledged support for international efforts to combat terrorism, emphasising that terrorism is not associated with any specific religion, culture, nationality, or ethnic group. The Council highlighted that tolerance and coexistence among nations and peoples are fundamental principles and values underpinning the societies of the GCC states and their interactions with other nations. The Supreme Council condemned all terrorist acts, stressing the sanctity of life and the inviolability of civilians and civilian infrastructure such as schools, places of worship, and hospitals. It underscored the importance of international and regional coordination to counter terrorist groups and sectarian militias that threaten security and stability.
90. The Supreme Council emphasised the importance of fostering dialogue and respect among peoples and cultures, rejecting anything that promotes religious hatred and extremism. It called for collaborative international efforts to strengthen these principles in all societies and to cultivate a culture of religious tolerance, dialogue, and coexistence. The Council condemned statements that denigrate Islam, Muslims, and Islamic civilisation, stressing the importance of countering all forms of hatred, bigotry, negative stereotyping, and the misrepresentation of religions.
91. The Supreme Council condemned the terrorist attacks in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan that resulted in the deaths and injuries of hundreds of civilians. It expressed concern over the escalating terrorist acts against civilians, including attacks in Karachi on October 7, 2024; Dukki (Balochistan) on October 11, 2024; Mastung (Balochistan) on November 1, 2024; Quetta (Balochistan) on November 9, 2024; and Khyber (Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) on November 21, 2024.
92. The Supreme Council condemned the ongoing foreign support for terrorist groups and sectarian militias in the Middle East, which threaten Arab national security, destabilise the region, and obstruct international counter-terrorism efforts, particularly those of the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS.
93. The Supreme Council called for the implementation of deterrent measures to combat terrorism, extremism, hate speech, and incitement. It condemned these acts wherever they occur due to their negative impact on social peace and the sustainability of international peace and security. Such actions encourage the spread and escalation of conflicts worldwide and undermine security and stability. This call is in accordance with United Nations Security Council Resolution 2686 (2023) and Resolution 2734 (2024).
94. The Supreme Council stressed the importance of strengthening the Cooperation Council's relationships with brotherly and friendly nations and collaborating with regional and international organisations to combat terrorism and extremism, addressing their severe consequences and repercussions for the region, and countering their threat to international peace and security.
Iran:
95. The Supreme Council reaffirmed its firm stances and decisions regarding relations with Iran, stressing the necessity of Iran's adherence to the fundamental principles based on the UN Charter and international law conventions, principles of good neighborliness, respect for state sovereignty, non-interference in internal affairs, peaceful settlement of disputes, non-use or threat of force, and rejection of terrorism, extremism, and sectarianism.
96. The Supreme Council congratulated Dr Masoud Pezeshkian on winning the presidential elections in the Islamic Republic of Iran, wishing him and the Iranian people success, progress, and prosperity.
97. The Council expressed its deep concern over the military escalation in the region, including the missile attacks on the Islamic Republic of Iran on October 26, 2024, and their negative impact on regional security and stability. It stressed the importance of de-escalation to maintain regional security and stability, and the necessity for all parties to make joint efforts and adopt diplomacy as an effective means of settling disputes, exercising maximum restraint, and sparing the region and its peoples the risks of war.
98. The Supreme Council expressed the GCC countries' concern about the developments in the Iranian nuclear file, stressing the importance of reaching constructive understandings on this issue to maintain regional security and stability. It affirmed the GCC countries' readiness to cooperate and deal effectively with this file, and their participation in all regional and international negotiations and meetings related to it. These negotiations should include, in addition to the Iranian nuclear programme, all the security concerns of the GCC countries, including ballistic and cruise missiles, drones, international navigation safety, and oil facilities, contributing to achieving common goals and interests within the framework of respecting state sovereignty, principles of good neighborliness, and adherence to international and UN resolutions to ensure the enhancement of regional and international security and stability.
99. The Supreme Council stressed the importance of Iran's commitment to not exceeding the uranium enrichment levels required for peaceful uses, and the necessity of fulfilling all its commitments and fully cooperating with the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).
100. The Supreme Council emphasised the importance of maintaining maritime security and waterways in the region, and confronting activities that threaten the security and stability of the region and the world, including targeting commercial ships, threatening maritime navigation lines and international trade, and oil facilities in the GCC countries.
Yemen:
101. The Supreme Council affirmed its full support for the Presidential Leadership Council, headed by His Excellency Dr Rashad Mohammed Al Alimi, and the entities supporting it to achieve security and stability in Yemen and reach a comprehensive political solution, in accordance with the Gulf initiative and its executive mechanism, the outcomes of the comprehensive national dialogue conference, and UN Security Council Resolution 2216, preserving Yemen's sovereignty, unity, territorial integrity, and independence.
102. The Supreme Council welcomed the continued sincere efforts exerted by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Sultanate of Oman, and the ongoing communications with all Yemeni parties to revive the political process, leading to a comprehensive and sustainable political solution in Yemen. It highlighted the importance of the Houthis' positive engagement with international and UN efforts to end the Yemeni crisis and seriously addressing peace initiatives and efforts to alleviate the suffering of the Yemeni people.
103. The Supreme Council renewed its support for the efforts of the United Nations and its Special Envoy for Yemen, Hans Grundberg, to reach a comprehensive political solution according to the three references. The Council commended the Yemeni government's commitment to renewing the humanitarian truce announced by the United Nations in Yemen.
104. The Supreme Council welcomed the statement issued by the office of the UN envoy regarding reaching a positive agreement between the Yemeni parties to de-escalate the situation regarding the banking sector and Yemenia Airways, and renewed its support for all efforts aimed at achieving peace and security for Yemen and its people.
105. The Supreme Council called on the Yemeni parties to fully implement the commitment to the set of measures reached and announced by the UN envoy on December 23, 2023, including implementing a ceasefire encompassing all of Yemen, measures to improve living conditions in Yemen, and engaging in preparations to resume an inclusive political process under the patronage of the United Nations. It appreciated the UN's efforts in Yemen to maintain the ongoing truce since April 2022, calling for a firm stance against Houthi practices that contradict the efforts of the United Nations and regional countries to bring peace to Yemen.
106. The Supreme Council expressed deep concern about the continuing developments in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden region, stressing the importance of de-escalation to maintain regional security and stability and respect for the right of maritime navigation in accordance with the provisions of international law and the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. It condemned the continued foreign interference in Yemen's internal affairs and the smuggling of military experts and weapons to Houthi militias in clear violation of UN Security Council resolutions 2216, 2231, and 2624.
107. The Supreme Council welcomed the results of the meetings of the joint technical committee to identify the developmental needs of the Republic of Yemen, in which the Republic of Yemen, the GCC countries, national and regional development funds, the Saudi Development and Reconstruction Program for Yemen, the Islamic Development Bank, the Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development, the OPEC Fund for Development, and the United Nations Development Programme participated, to enable the Republic of Yemen to complete the implementation of priority development projects and provide essential services to the Yemeni people.
108. The Supreme Council commended the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's deposit of the third installment of its support for addressing the Yemeni government's budget deficit and supporting salaries, wages, operating expenses, and food security in Yemen, amounting to US$250 million, out of a total support of $1.2 billion. This support is in line with the economic reforms undertaken by the Yemeni government and reaffirms the Kingdom's commitment to achieving security, stability, and prosperity for the brotherly Yemeni people. It also contributes to strengthening the Yemeni government's budget, increasing the purchasing power of Yemeni citizens, and supporting Yemen's economic recovery.
109. The Supreme Council praised the funding provided by the UAE for the construction of a solar power plant in the Al Buraiqeh district of the temporary capital, Aden, covering an area of 1.6 million square meters and with a capacity of 120 megawatts, implemented by the Abu Dhabi Future Energy Company "Masdar." This is part of sustainable solutions to address the electricity crisis in the Republic of Yemen. The Council also commended the arrival of the vessel (PS DREAM) carrying 42,000 tons of diesel to the Al Zait port in the temporary capital, Aden, on March 9, 2024. This represents the third grant provided by the UAE, out of a total of 125,000 tons of diesel and 106,000 tons of mazut, to increase power generation capacity and contribute to the operation of power plants in the temporary capital, Aden, and a number of liberated governorates.
110. The Supreme Council commended the Government of Kuwait's approval of the Yemeni government's request for support for the air transport sector in the Republic of Yemen by granting it three aircraft and two engines.
111. The Supreme Council praised the achievements of the King Salman Humanitarian Aid And Relief Centre (KSrelief), as well as the humanitarian support provided by the Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Assistance from the GCC to the Republic of Yemen, and the humanitarian and development assistance provided by all GCC countries to Yemen. It noted the developmental and vital projects and programmes implemented by the Saudi Development and Reconstruction Programme for Yemen, which included 229 development projects and initiatives in seven key sectors: education, health, water, energy, transportation, agriculture and fisheries, and capacity building for government institutions. This also includes development programs, financial support for the Yemeni government's budget, support for salaries, wages, operating expenses, and food security in Yemen, and the efforts of the Saudi Project for Landmine Clearance (MASAM) to clear Yemeni lands of mines. MASAM has removed 467,431 mines, unexploded ordnance, and explosive devices, clearing 61,232,240 square meters of land in Yemen that had been indiscriminately mined by Houthi militias, resulting in casualties among innocent children, women, and the elderly.
112. The Supreme Council called on the Houthi group to immediately release all detainees among United Nations employees, staff of the US Embassy, and other international organisations and diplomatic missions, considering their detention a violation of international law and diplomatic norms.
Iraq:
113. The Supreme Council reaffirmed its firm positions and decisions regarding the brotherly country of Iraq, supporting ongoing efforts to achieve security and stability in Iraq. It underscored the importance of protecting Iraq's territorial integrity, full sovereignty, Arab identity, social fabric, and national unity, as well as supporting Iraq in confronting terrorist groups and armed militias to uphold state sovereignty and enforce the law.
114. The Supreme Council praised the positive partnership between the GCC and Iraq, affirming the commitment to advancing the electricity interconnection project to link Iraq with the electricity grid of GCC countries, aiming for greater integration and connectivity that serves their mutual interests and paves the way for further cooperation in the future.
115. The Supreme Council condemned all terrorist operations targeting the Republic of Iraq, which affect civilians and Iraqi security forces. It affirmed the GCC's solidarity with Iraq in combating terrorism and extremism, condemning all external attacks against Iraq, and stressed the need to respect Iraq's sovereignty and territorial integrity, stressing that the GCC states stand united alongside their brotherly country, Iraq.
116. The Supreme Council called on Iraq to resume meetings of the legal technical teams concerned with demarcating borders beyond border marker number 162. It also urged Iraq to respond to Kuwait's request to resume meetings of the joint Kuwaiti-Iraqi committee for regulating maritime navigation in Khor Abdullah.
117. The Supreme Council emphasised the importance of Iraq respecting Kuwait's sovereignty and territorial integrity, adhering to bilateral and international commitments and all relevant United Nations resolutions, particularly Security Council Resolution 833 (1993) regarding the demarcation of the Kuwaiti-Iraqi land and maritime borders. The Council called on Iraq to undertake serious efforts to complete the demarcation of maritime borders between the two countries beyond maritime marker 162. It also urged the Government of Iraq to adhere to the agreement on regulating maritime navigation in Khor Abdullah, signed between Kuwait and Iraq on April 29, 2012, which came into effect on December 5, 2013, and was jointly deposited with the United Nations on December 18, 2013. The Supreme Council expressed its complete rejection of the findings contained in the judgment of the Federal Supreme Court of Iraq regarding this matter, as well as its rejection of the historical inaccuracies in the judgment's rationale. It considered any unilateral decisions, practices, or actions taken by Iraq regarding the Khor Abdullah agreement to be null and void. Additionally, it rejected Iraq's unilateral action to terminate the security exchange protocol signed in 2008 and its approved map in the joint plan to ensure the safety of navigation in Khor Abdullah, signed between both parties on December 28, 2014, which included clear and specific mechanisms for amendments and cancellations.
118. The Supreme Council expressed its support for Security Council Resolution 2732 (2024) and underscored the importance of ensuring the Security Council continues to monitor developments in the humanitarian file of prisoners and missing persons, as well as the issue of Kuwaiti property, including the national archive. The Council reaffirmed its commitment to the Security Council's umbrella as outlined in Security Council Resolution 2107 (2013), which established the framework for reporting relevant files concerning Kuwait to the Security Council, excluding other UN bodies. It called for the continuation of the mechanism for periodic reporting on this issue, recognising that it has contributed to tangible positive developments. The Supreme Council also affirmed that a fair and suitable alternative after the conclusion of the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI) lies in appointing a high-level coordinator by the Secretary General to follow up on Kuwait's humanitarian and national files, similar to the practice before the issuance of Security Council Resolution 2107 (2013), as this mechanism has been previously tested and proven successful. It urged the Government of Iraq to cooperate to make progress on this matter and to exert maximum efforts to reach a final resolution of these files.
Syria:
119. The Supreme Council reaffirmed its steadfast positions regarding the preservation of the territorial integrity of the Syrian Arab Republic, respect for its independence and sovereignty over its territory, rejection of regional interventions in its internal affairs, and support for United Nations efforts to reach a political solution in Syria in line with Security Council Resolution 2254 and relevant UN resolutions. It also supported the efforts of the UN Special Envoy for Syria (Geir Pedersen) and the initiatives to care for Syrian refugees and displaced persons, working towards their voluntary and safe return to Syria according to international standards, while rejecting any attempts to create demographic changes in Syria.
120. The Supreme Council expressed its support for the efforts of the Arab Ministerial Contact Committee regarding the Syrian crisis, emphasising the implementation of the commitments outlined in the Amman Statement of May 1, 2023, and the Cairo Statement of August 15, 2023. The Council also expressed its hope for the resumption of the work of the Syrian Constitutional Committee.
121. The Supreme Council condemned the repeated Israeli attacks on the sisterly Syrian Arab Republic, which constitute a violation of international law and an infringement on Syria's sovereignty.
Lebanon:
122. The Supreme Council welcomed the ceasefire agreement in Lebanon for a period of sixty days, hoping that this would be a step towards ending the war in Lebanon and Israel's withdrawal from Lebanese territory, the implementation of Security Council Resolution 1701, and the return of displaced persons to their homes. It condemned the Israeli attacks that resulted in thousands of civilian casualties and the destruction of infrastructure and civilian and health facilities. The Council also condemned the attacks on the United Nations peacekeeping force in Lebanon (UNIFIL).
123. The Supreme Council reaffirmed the GCC's steadfast positions with the brotherly Lebanese people, its ongoing support for Lebanon's sovereignty, security, and stability, and the Lebanese Armed Forces protecting its borders and resisting threats from extremist and terrorist groups. It emphasised the importance of implementing comprehensive structural political and economic reforms to enable Lebanon to overcome its political and economic crisis and prevent it from becoming a launching pad for terrorists, drug trafficking, or other criminal activities that threaten the security and stability of the region.
124. The Supreme Council stressed the necessity of implementing Security Council Resolution 1701 to restore lasting security and stability in Lebanon, ensuring respect for its territorial integrity, political independence, as well as sovereignty within its internationally recognised borders, and the authority of the Lebanese government over all Lebanese territory, in accordance with relevant Security Council resolutions and the Taif Agreement.
125. The Supreme Council supported the efforts of the Quintet Group regarding Lebanon, which emphasised the importance of expediting presidential elections and implementing the necessary economic reforms for the Lebanese government to fulfill its responsibilities towards its citizens. It praised the efforts of Lebanon's friends and partners in restoring and enhancing trust and cooperation between Lebanon and GCC countries, as well as their support for the role of the Lebanese army and internal security forces in maintaining Lebanon's security.
126. The Supreme Council welcomed the outcomes of the international conference held in Paris on October 24, 2024, to support the people and sovereignty of Lebanon, which underscored the importance of assisting Lebanon in facing its current crisis and mitigating its humanitarian repercussions, achieving a ceasefire, and activating sustainable diplomatic solutions to establish peace in Lebanon and maintain its stability.
127. The Supreme Council commended the humanitarian aid and bridges provided by GCC countries to the brotherly Lebanese people, as well as the assistance offered by brotherly and friendly nations to meet urgent humanitarian needs.
Sudan:
128. The Supreme Council reaffirmed the GCC's steadfast positions and decisions regarding the importance of maintaining Sudan's sovereignty, security, stability, and territorial integrity, supporting Sudan in facing the developments and repercussions of the current crisis. It stressed the necessity of calming tensions, prioritising dialogue, unifying efforts, and returning to the political process leading to civil authority. It called for alleviating the suffering of the Sudanese people, preserving the cohesion of national state institutions, preventing their collapse, and averting the escalation of conflict and confrontations among Sudanese parties. The Council urged the Sudanese government and Rapid Support Forces to engage seriously and effectively with settlement initiatives, including the Jeddah platform and neighbouring countries.
129. The Supreme Council stressed the importance of the conflict parties in Sudan committing to end this conflict based on the agreements reached in the Jeddah Declaration signed on May 11, 2023, regarding the commitment to protect civilians, and the declaration issued on May 20, 2023, concerning the agreement on a short-term ceasefire and humanitarian arrangements within the framework of international humanitarian law and human rights law.
130. The Supreme Council expressed its concern over the continuation of fighting in the sisterly Republic of Sudan and the escalation of violence affecting civilians, particularly women and children. It condemned the crimes targeting civilians in Al Jazeera State, which resulted in numerous deaths and injuries among civilians, violating international law and the principle of civilian protection. The Council emphasised the necessity of dialogue among all Sudanese parties to permanently end the armed conflict.
131. The Supreme Council condemned the brutal attack targeting the residence of the UAE Ambassador in Khartoum on September 30, 2024, by a Sudanese army aircraft. It emphasised the importance of protecting diplomatic buildings and the premises of embassy staff according to the norms and agreements governing diplomatic work, rejecting and condemning all forms of violence and terrorism that aim to destabilise security and stability and contravene international law, including the attacks on several diplomatic missions of GCC countries by Rapid Support Forces.
132. The Supreme Council welcomed the outcomes of the meeting of "The Aligned for Advancing Lifesaving and Peace in Sudan (ALPS) Group", held on October 10, 2024, which urged the Rapid Support Forces and the Sudanese Armed Forces to cease fire. It called on international partners to join efforts to achieve an immediate humanitarian ceasefire to stop fighting in El Fashir, as well as in the states of Sennar, Khartoum, and Al Jazeera, to allow for humanitarian assistance and open humanitarian corridors for those in need, ensuring civilians can safely exit conflict areas.
133. The Supreme Council reaffirmed Security Council Resolution 2736 issued on June 13, 2024, which calls for the full implementation of the Jeddah Declaration regarding the commitment to protect civilians in Sudan and the pursuit of an immediate ceasefire and resolution of the conflict through dialogue. It urged all parties to ensure the removal of any obstacles, enabling humanitarian assistance to reach those in need fully, swiftly, safely, and without hindrance.
134. The Supreme Council acknowledged the humanitarian aid and bridges provided by GCC countries to the brotherly Sudanese people, as well as the assistance provided by brotherly and friendly nations and international organisations to meet urgent humanitarian needs.
Libya:
135. The Supreme Council reaffirmed the GCC's supportive stance towards the sisterly State of Libya and the Libyan-Libyan political solution, as well as Security Council resolutions. It reiterated its commitment to safeguarding the interests of the Libyan people, achieving security, stability, and development in Libya, ensuring its sovereignty, independence, and territorial integrity, halting interference in its internal affairs, and calling for the withdrawal of all foreign forces, foreign fighters, and mercenaries from Libyan territory. The Council also supports United Nations efforts to reach a political solution, conduct elections, and unify state institutions to achieve the aspirations of the Libyan people.
136. The Supreme Council welcomed the Security Council's decision to extend the mandate of the UN mission in Libya until the end of January 2025, calling for the swift appointment of a United Nations Special Envoy to Libya.
137. The Supreme Council welcomed the signing of an agreement between the House of Representatives and the High Council of State in the Republic of Libya on September 22, 2024, regarding the resolution of the Central Bank of Libya crisis, which led to the establishment of a new board of directors for the bank.
138. The Supreme Council urged all parties in Libya to prioritise wisdom and reason, adopting political dialogue to resolve differences in a manner that preserves Libya's supreme interests and achieves the aspirations of its people for development and prosperity. It emphasised the Council's supportive stance towards Libya and the political process, as well as relevant Security Council resolutions that uphold its security, stability, and sovereignty.
Morocco:
139. The Supreme Council stressed the importance of the strategic partnership between the GCC and the sisterly Kingdom of Morocco, and the implementation of the joint action plan. It reaffirmed its steadfast positions and decisions supporting Morocco's sovereignty over Western Sahara, as well as the security and stability of the Kingdom of Morocco and the unity of its territory, commending Security Council Resolution 2756 issued on October 31, 2024, regarding Western Sahara.
Afghanistan:
140. The Supreme Council stressed the importance of restoring security and stability in the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, which aligns with the aspirations of the Afghan people and benefits regional and international peace and security. It highlighted the necessity of ensuring women's rights to education and work, protecting minorities, and preventing the use of Afghan territory by terrorist groups or for drug trafficking.
141. The Supreme Council affirmed the GCC's solidarity with the people of Afghanistan in combating terrorism in all its forms and enhancing security and stability within its territory.
142. The Supreme Council noted the third meeting of international envoys on Afghanistan, hosted by Qatar in Doha on June 30, 2024, under the patronage of the United Nations, with the participation of 26 countries and regional organisations such as the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, the European Union, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation.
Somalia:
143. The Supreme Council affirmed the GCC's support for the Federal Republic of Somalia in all matters that strengthen its security, stability, sovereignty, and territorial integrity, ensuring a decent life for its brotherly people.
144. The Supreme Council welcomed UN Security Council Resolution 2753 of October 30, 2024, transforming the United Nations Assistance Mission in Somalia (UNSOM) into a temporary mission for two years. This aims to enable the Somali government to assume its role in managing security and stability and strengthening institutional capacity. The Council also reaffirmed Security Council Resolution 2748 of August 15, 2024, which stressed full respect for Somalia's sovereignty, territorial integrity, political independence, and unity, and the need for a comprehensive approach that strengthens the foundations of peace and stability, in line with the priorities set by the Somali government.
145. The Supreme Council condemned all terrorist attacks against the Federal Republic of Somalia and affirmed the GCC's solidarity with the brotherly Somali people in combating terrorism and violence.
Russia-Ukraine Crisis:
146. The Supreme Council emphasised that the GCC's position on the Russia-Ukraine crisis is based on the principles of international law and the UN Charter, maintaining the international system based on respect for state sovereignty, territorial integrity, political independence, non-interference in internal affairs, and the non-use or threat of force.
147. The Supreme Council affirmed its support for mediation efforts and initiatives undertaken by GCC member states to contribute to a political solution to the crisis between Russia and Ukraine. The Council also affirmed its support for international and regional efforts to resolve the crisis, including meetings of National Security Advisors held in Jeddah, Copenhagen, and Doha.
148. The Supreme Council praised the successful mediation efforts of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) between the Russian Federation and Ukraine, resulting in a prisoner exchange involving 1994 prisoners of war from both sides. It also commended the efforts of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in releasing detainees and exchanging prisoners between Russia and Ukraine, and the successful mediation of the State of Qatar in reuniting Ukrainian and Russian children with their families. The Council noted the efforts of all GCC member states and their success in mediating prisoner exchanges between the two parties, based on their commitment to humanitarian principles and international solidarity in building peace and stability.
149. The Supreme Council noted the humanitarian and relief assistance provided by GCC countries to Ukraine and stressed the importance of continued support for all efforts to facilitate the export of grains and all food and humanitarian materials to contribute to food security for affected countries.
Strengthening Strategic Partnerships with Other Countries and Groups:
150. The Supreme Council commended the outcomes of the first joint summit between the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and the European Union, held on October 16, 2024, in Brussels, Belgium, under the title "Strategic Partnership for Peace and Prosperity." It stressed the importance of swiftly implementing the agreements reached at this summit.
151. The Supreme Council took note of the outcomes of the strategic dialogue meetings between the GCC and several international countries and groups held during 2024. This includes joint ministerial meetings between the GCC and each of: the Arab Republic of Egypt, the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, the Kingdom of Morocco, the United States of America, the Russian Federation, the Republic of India, the Federative Republic of Brazil, the People's Republic of China, Benelux,
the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States, the Nordic Council (N5). The Supreme Council directed the swift implementation of the agreed-upon decisions and joint action plans, which will enhance the progress of the GCC and achieve its political and developmental goals regionally and internationally. It also directed the continuation of strengthening partnerships with all active countries and organisations in the world.
152. The Supreme Council directed the strengthening of economic relations between the GCC and international countries and blocs, achieving mutual trade and investment interests. It welcomed the joint statement on the conclusion of negotiations to reach free trade agreements with South Korea and the joint statement with New Zealand. It also welcomed the joint statement to begin free trade negotiations between the GCC and the Republic of Turkey.
Renewal of the Secretary General's Appointment:
153. The Supreme Council decided to renew the appointment of His Excellency Mr Jasem Mohamed Albudaiwi as Secretar General of the GCC for another three years, starting February 1, 2026. This is in appreciation of his great efforts and effective contribution to strengthening the Council's progress, wishing him success in his duties during the coming period.
Presidency of the 46th GCC Session:
154. The Supreme Council expressed its welcome for the United Arab Emirates to preside over its forty-sixth session, and looked forward to the forty-sixth summit being held in Abu Dhabi.
Issued in Kuwait City,
29 Jumada Al Ula 1446, corresponding to 1 December 2024.
